This study examines the co-construction of five successful gatekeeping
encounters. Drawing from a database of employment interviews, the emically
derived concept of trustworthiness is identified as a key
determiner in the success or failure of job candidates. Three critical,
potentially problematic moves are identified: supplying inappropriate
references, demanding too high a salary, and failing to account for gaps
in one's work history. What distinguishes the successful from the
failed interviews is not the frequency of these potentially damaging
occurrences but the compensatory characteristics of those encounters in
which trust (and subsequent success) is established. The successful
candidates vary widely in terms of second language ability (in the case of
nonnative speakers of English) and work experience. What they share,
however, is the ability to present themselves positively, to establish
rapport/solidarity with their interlocutor, and to demonstrate
flexibility regarding job requirements and preferences. Both linguistic
and nonlinguistic features are examined.I
am grateful to Gabriele Kasper and Claire Kramsch, who provided me with
numerous critical and insightful comments on earlier versions of this
article. The data analyzed here come from the database that was used for
my dissertation research (2001). Attempts have
been made to reflect the constructive, and much appreciated, criticisms of
two insightful anonymous reviewers of an earlier version of this
article.