A new species of Lavandula (Lamiaceae) is described from the Western Hajar Mountains of Oman. The species is fully described and illustrated. Habitat details and an assessment of its conservation status are provided.

The plant Dianthus morisianus Vals. (Caryophyllaceae) is endemic to Sardinia. The Autonomous Region of Sardinia funded a conservation project for this species because it is one of the most threatened plant on the island. The project comprises in situ and ex situ research and experimental projects, such as the construction of protective fences and reintroduction. Juvenile plants, germinated from 200 seeds collected over 2 years and propagated without horticultural treatment, were reintroduced in November 2010. The surviving 113 plants were reintroduced 150 m from the natural population and were monitored monthly. Two years later the survival rate was > 95%, and the fruit yield per plant was higher than that recorded in the natural population. This research emphasizes the importance of identifying an appropriate microhabitat for plant reintroduction. The use of juvenile plants aided the success of the reintroduction and reduced the mortality rate; the knowledge of the species biology, in particular the critical stage of their life cycle, is a crucial factor in plant reintroduction.

Only two members of the genus Ribes L. (Grossulariaceae) occur in Sardinia, both endemic: R. sardoum and R. multiflorum subsp. sandalioticum. R. sardoum is categorized as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List and R. multiflorum subsp. sandalioticum is a rare species previously known from only a few localities. Both species grow only in mountainous areas. In 2006–2010 we carried out a field survey to verify the conservation status of R. sardoum and to estimate the number of individual plants, identify threats and assess the conservation status of R. multiflorum subsp. sandalioticum. R. sardoum is threatened by grazing, its small population, low seed viability and the activities of tourists, confirming its Critically Endangered status. We found R. multiflorum subsp. sandalioticum in 13 localities, three of which are new records, with the plants in scattered groups or singly, in three populations. The threats to R. multiflorum subsp. sandalioticum are overgrazing, the small populations, habitat fragmentation and the activities of tourists. We propose that R. multiflorum subsp. sandalioticum be categorized as Endangered on the IUCN Red List. Research activities and conservation measures for this genus on Sardinia have been proposed and some conservation actions have already commenced.