Finlayson's squirrel is frugivorous and distributed throughout the tropical seasonal forests of South-East Asia. To understand the resource use of tree squirrels in a tropical forest ecosystem, colour vision and fruit selection of Finlayson's squirrel were investigated. Under laboratory conditions, this species possesses dichromatic colour vision; it can discriminate white, yellow, violet, brown and black versus green similar to leaves, but it cannot discriminate orange and red versus green. In addition, squirrels can discriminate pale pink, pink and dark red versus green but cannot discriminate red versus green due to its similar lightness and chroma. Through field observations, squirrels selected black or brown fruits and fed on the mature seeds although fruits of various colours appear on a tree, such as green, orange, yellow, pink or white ones including immature seeds. Brown, violet or black fruits accounted for 87% of those fruits consumed by these squirrels, whereas those with yellow, orange or red colour accounted for only 7%. The dichromatic colour vision in Finlayson's squirrel may be useful for selecting ripe fruits in preference to unripe ones.

The yellow-throated marten, Martes flavigula, is the only living species of the genus Martes found in subtropical and tropical forests (Harrison et al. 2004). It is distributed throughout central and southern Asia in a wide variety of habitats. Despite its extensive geographical range, the ecology and behaviour of this species has so far received little attention, aside from a study of habitat use (Grassman et al. 2005). Studies on other martens have shown that fruits are an important food resource (e.g. M. martes, Bermejo & Guitian 2000; M. foina, Pandolfi et al. 1996). Thus, they are considered to be important potential seed dispersers (Corlett 1998, Herrera 1989, Willson 1993), as confirmed by recent studies (M. melampus, Otani 2002; M. americana, Hickey et al. 1999; M. foina and M. martes, Schaumann & Heinken 2002). Although no systematic study of the diet of M. flavigula has been conducted (Harrison et al. 2004), it is known to be omnivorous and to consume fruit (Gao & Wang 1987). To date, however, there has been no comprehensive study of frugivory and seed dispersal by M. flavigula (but see Corlett 1998).