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2 results

  • 15 - The Split-Attention Principle in Multimedia Learning

  • from Part IV - Principles for Reducing Extraneous Processing in Multimedia Learning
  • Edited by Richard E. Mayer, University of California, Santa Barbara, Logan Fiorella, University of Georgia
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Handbook of Multimedia Learning
    Published online:
    19 November 2021
    Print publication:
    09 December 2021, pp 199-211

  • Summary

    The split-attention principle states that when designing instruction, including multimedia instruction, it is important to avoid materials that require learners to split their attention between multiple sources of information. Instead, materials should be formatted so that disparate sources of information are physically and temporally integrated, thus obviating the need for learners to engage in mental integration. By eliminating the need to mentally integrate multiple sources of information, extraneous cognitive load is reduced, freeing resources for learning (germane cognitive load). This chapter provides the theoretical rationale, based on cognitive load theory, for the split-attention principle, and describes the major experiments that establish the validity of the principle, identifies the conditions under which it is most likely to occur, and indicates the instructional design implications when dealing with multimedia materials.

  • 6 - Ten Common but Questionable Principles of Multimedia Learning

  • from Part II - Basic Principles of Multimedia Learning
  • Edited by Richard E. Mayer, University of California, Santa Barbara
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Handbook of Multimedia Learning
    Published online:
    05 August 2014
    Print publication:
    28 July 2014, pp 151-173

  • Summary

    This chapter outlines the cognitive architecture used by cognitive load theory, and provides a general indicator of its relevance to instructional design issues associated with multimedia instruction. Cognitive load theory has been one of the theories used to integrate our knowledge of human cognitive structures and instructional design principles. It is concerned with the elements of that theory and its general implications for multimedia learning, specifically words presented in spoken or written form along with pictures or diagrams. The chapter considers categories of knowledge from an evolutionary perspective, followed by an outline of those aspects of human cognitive architecture relevant to instructional concerns, also considered from an evolutionary perspective. The chapter discusses three categories of cognitive load: intrinsic cognitive load, extraneous cognitive load and germane cognitive load. All categories of cognitive load are concerned with the acquisition, storage and use of biologically secondary information.