This chapter explores the fascination that the biblical apocrypha held for Montague Rhodes James (1862-1936) and explains his relationship to contemporary Cambridge scholarship that pioneered the study of those texts in the context of New Testament scholarship. It places MRJ’s work on the biblical apocrypha within his wider fascination for ‘old stories’, and considers the similarities between his scholarly work on Greek apocrypha and pseudepigrapha and his activities as a medievalist and codicologist, with particular reference both to manuscript studies and to his interpretation of the sculpture in the Lady Chapel at Ely Cathedral.

This chapter turns to the memory of the dissolution in the communities that had been built around monasteries and in the families who occupied them. In order to access the local and oral dimensions of this memory culture, it uses antiquarian writing to throw a sidelight onto the traditions and stories that antiquaries encountered as they traversed the country. This chapter suggests that the key concept to unlocking this memory culture is sacrilege. Stories of ghostly hauntings and strange happenings preoccupied local people living in or near former monastic places. It has sometimes been suggested that English Protestantism was hostile to oral and local cultures, but this chapter argues that, far from being the harbinger of their decline, the Reformation in fact generated and invigorated local traditions. By exploring sacrilege narratives connected to the dissolution, this chapter also makes a case for the vibrancy and longevity of local memory cultures across the seventeenth century and into the early eighteenth century and beyond. In doing so, it seeks to erode and collapse the distinctions between ‘popular’ and ‘learned’, ‘local’ and ‘national’ cultures of history and memory that continue to influence scholarship on early modern historical consciousness