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1 results

  • Chapter 33 - Toxic and metabolic causes of sleepiness

  • from Section 3 - Medical, Psychiatric and Neurological Causes Of Sleepiness
  • Edited by Michael J. Thorpy, Michel Billiard
  • Book:
    Sleepiness
    Published online:
    04 February 2011
    Print publication:
    27 January 2011, pp 375-385

  • Summary

    Hypersomnia is characterized by recurrent episodes of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) or prolonged nighttime sleep that affects the everyday life of the patient. Clinical surveys have reported EDS as a complaint in up to 68% of normal high-school children. Causes of EDS are divided into three categories: insufficient nighttime sleep, fragmented nighttime sleep, and an increased need of sleep. Pediatric daytime sleepiness scale (PDSS) is a recently introduced validated measure for assessing sleepiness in children. Management of disorders that may coexist with hypersomnia of central origin such as obstructive sleep apnea, psychiatric disorders, medications, and circadian rhythm disorders will require specific therapeutic interventions, but need to be done for optimal outcome in children with narcolepsy. The general approach to the treatment of childhood narcolepsy and other hypersomnias of central origin is based on the adult experience.