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3 results

  • Maladjustment of pressure settings of a programmable shunt valve by electromagnetic door locks in Forensic Psychiatry – a case report

  • C. Licht, R. Weisser, C. Schloegl
  • Journal:
    European Psychiatry / Volume 65 / Issue S1 / June 2022
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    01 September 2022, p. S605
    • Article
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      • Open access
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  • Introduction

    Maladjustments and failures of programmable ventriculo-peritoneal shunts have been reported in patients encountering powerful electromagnetic fields, e. g. MRI.

    We describe the case of a 53-year old man treated for hydrocephalus with a programmable Codman-Hakim shunt valve. During his hospitalization in Forensic Psychiatry, the patient’s valve pressure setting changed randomly despite frequent reprogramming and surveillance.

    Objectives

    Maladjustments and failures of programmable ventriculo-peritoneal shunts have been reported in cases in which patients have encountered powerful electromagnetic fields, e.g., MRI. Through a case, this study shows easy maladjustment of a Codman-Hakim programmable valve also by small magnetic fields from everyday life.

    Methods

    A 53-year old man presented with periventricular hydrocephalus due to aqueductal stenosis. The patient was treated with a left ventriculo-peritoneal Codman-Hakim programmable shunt valve. During his hospitalization in Forensic Psychiatry, the patient’s valve pressure setting changed randomly, presumably by walking through electromagnetically controlled doors of a hospital ward. With a test dummy, changes in pressure settings were tracked.

    Results

    Both - pressure settings of the patient’s Codman-Hakim programmable valve as well as pressure settings of a new valve - were unwantedly modified simply by walking through standard doors in a hospital ward.

    Conclusions

    Thus already weak magnetic fields (< 200 mT) might cause changes in the pressure settings of programmable shunt valves and therefore lead to maladjustment. Patients should be informed and pay attention to using everyday life’s devices, like rod magnets or mobile phones.

    Disclosure

    No significant relationships.

  • P03-216 - Clinical And Social Functioning, Quality Of Life, Maladjustment Of Hiv-Positive Injection-Drug Consumers

  • T. Dakukina, E. Stan’ko, S. Ihumnau
  • Journal:
    European Psychiatry / Volume 25 / Issue S1 / 2010
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    17 April 2020, 25-E1270
    • Article
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  • Objectives

    The epidemiology of HIV in Belarus, main trends in addiction treatment, attitude to rehabilitation of addicts with HIV are presented.

    Results

    The questions of social maladjustment of such patients are revealed as well as organization of medical and social rehabilitation and self-maladoption. The correlation between the amount and characteristics of rehabilitating services and the grade of maladjustment is stressed. The analysis of social functioning as well as quality of life of patients with dual pathology ((HIV and addiction) is presented.

    Conclusions

    The background for different approach towards research of HIV-positive and HIV-negative IV drug consumers is presented.

  • 17 - Abnormal Psychology

  • Edited by Robert J. Sternberg, Cornell University, New York, Wade E. Pickren, Ithaca College, New York
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Handbook of the Intellectual History of Psychology
    Published online:
    18 May 2019
    Print publication:
    16 May 2019, pp 441-467

  • Summary

    During the past 150 years, psychiatrists and psychologists have detected a wide array of mental and behavioural abnormalities in humans, ranging from hysteria, neurosis, and mental deficiency (“feeblemindedness”) to psychopathy, sexual perversions, alcoholism, and criminality. In particular, the differentiation between everyday neuroses and severe mental disorders or psychoses has played an all-important role since the late nineteenth century. In their milder forms, neuroses were deemed equivalent to the common cold, while psychoses were heavily stigmatising and incapacitating mental disturbances. What was common to both neuroses and psychoses was that they indicated an abnormal state of mind. This chapter examines the early phase of the modern history of abnormal psychology in the Western cultural sphere. First, it looks at the idea and term of abnormality and its conceptual relations with “deviance” and “maladjustment.” Then it outlines the early history of the psychopathological studies on abnormality, focusing on key figures such as Pierre Janet, Sigmund Freud, and Carl Gustav Jung. From these pioneers the chapter moves on to examine experimental neuroses and psychopathy, perhaps the most widely known form of maladjustment and abnormality. In conclusion, the most recent trends in abnormal psychology are discussed.