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1 results

  • 11 - Case–Control Studies in Injury Research

  • Edited by Frederick P. Rivara, Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, Seattle, Peter Cummings, Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, Seattle, Thomas D. Koepsell, Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, Seattle, David C. Grossman, Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, Seattle, Ronald V. Maier, Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, Seattle
  • Book:
    Injury Control
    Published online:
    16 October 2009
    Print publication:
    27 November 2000, pp 139-156

  • Summary

    To study exposures which cannot be randomly assigned, we usually turn to comparative observational study designs: either cohort or case-control studies. The chapter describes the design and analysis of case-control studies. In planning a case-control study, it is helpful to think of the study as being set in a specific population or cohort, even though most members of that population will not participate in the study. In selecting cases, we should consider the step in the causal chain that we wish to study. In principle, controls should be a sample of persons from the same population from which the cases were derived. The chapter also discusses two special case-control designs, proportional mortality studies and case-crossover studies. Matching controls to cases may be justified if it promises to enhance study efficiency or to control for factors that cannot otherwise be measured.