Times of crisis call for powerful rhetoric. This section consists of seven speeches that address political, moral, or educational crises of their time. They range from high points of rhetoric to dishonest or ineffective displays of rhetoric. The speakers include Abraham Lincoln, Theodore Roosevelt, Jimmy Carter, Bill Clinton, Donald Trump, Alexander Solzhenitsyn, and Allan Bloom.

This chapter maps out the scandals and high profile cases that have come to shape debates on MSV in each of the case countries. It also discusses the challenges associated with definitions and data collection.

The common types of poor lawyering include bribery, receiving private fees, forgery, theft of clients’ money and obtaining property by deception, all with themes of greed and laziness. But there are also failures of lawyers’ regulation not just of lawyers’ character, with little discipline of the largest law firms involved in corporate scandals. Choosing a ‘good’ law firm is therefore important for all law students’ futures, and it is important to ask firms about many issues, including their attitude to pro bono work and whether they have a written policy on handling ethical issues. More fundamentally, if the public interest in ‘good’ lawyering is to be supported across Greater China, then better legal ethics education is central to change and social stability. This chapter examines key procedural rules about investigating lawyer misconduct in each of the PRC, Hong Kong and Taiwan, and provides the different definitions of what is misconduct, lists of penalties, details of complaints processes, reviews and appeals. Finally, we set out a table of key ethical rules affecting legal professional conduct in each of the Pthree jurisdictions, including those related to fees and costs.

Since antiquity, arbitration has been well known in the Italian peninsula.1 Basic rules of arbitration are today spelled out in the Italian civil procedure code (hereinafter CCP). The code was enacted in 1940, but has, since then, undergone radical changes, including a comprehensive reform in 2006.2 Despite the fact that current rules are largely in line with those of other countries and with international legal standards, Italy is generally perceived, by insiders and outsiders alike, as a nonfriendly arbitration country.3

Nigeria1 has a mixed legal system consisting of common law, sharia law,2 and customary law.3 At the pinnacle of these laws is the 1999 Constitution.4 The judiciary powers are vested in courts established by the constitution.5 Arbitration in Nigeria is governed by the federal statute Arbitration & Conciliation Act 1988 (ACA),6 which incorporates the 1985 UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration (UNCITRAL Model Law), with some minor modifications. Nigeria is a federal system where several states have enacted their own arbitration legislation. One example of this is the Lagos State Arbitration Law of 2009 (LSAL).7 It applies to all arbitration proceedings in the state of Lagos that are not specifically governed by any other law. As compared to the federal statute, the Lagos Arbitration Act is more modern, having been adopted in 2009.