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  • SECTION IV - NEUROLOGICAL TRAUMA

    • By Sid M. Shah, Assistant Clinical Professor Michigan State University; Faculty member of Sparrow/MSU Emergency Medicine Residency Program Lansing, Michigan, Kevin M. Kelly, Associate Professor of Neurology Drexel University College of Medicine
  • Edited by Sid M. Shah, Michigan State University, Kevin M. Kelly, Drexel University, Philadelphia
  • Book:
    Principles and Practice of Emergency Neurology
    Published online:
    06 August 2009
    Print publication:
    18 February 2003, pp -

  • Summary

    Patients with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) can have normal neurological and physical examinations. Mild traumatic brain injury is not always clinically apparent. The findings include: any period of loss of consciousness, amnesia of the event, and change in mental status such as feeling dizzy or disoriented. Focal motor findings in the unconscious patient with TBI can localize intracranial lesions or spinal cord injuries. Noncontrast computerized tomography (CT) provides useful anatomical and pathological information regarding the location, extent, and nature of the TBI within minutes. Although available evidence does not show that prevention of early posttraumatic seizures improves outcomes following TBI, anticonvulsants are an option in patients at high risk for seizures following head injury (Glasgow Coma Scale less than 9). TBI is the cause of death in approximately 40% of childhood injuries, and occurs more frequently in males and infants or adolescents.