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7 results

  • Safety evaluation of single-sperm cryopreservation technique applied in intracytoplasmic sperm injection

  • Duanjun Zhang, Wenliang Yao, Mingliang Zhang, Lijuan Yang, Lin Li, Shujuan Liu, Xianglong Jiang, Yingli Sun, Shuonan Hu, Yufang Huang, Jie Xue, Xiaoting Zheng, Qi Xiong, Shenghui Chen, Haiqin Zhu
  • Journal:
    Zygote / Volume 32 / Issue 2 / April 2024
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    17 April 2024, pp. 175-182
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  • Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is a technique that directly injects a single sperm into the cytoplasm of mature oocytes. Here, we explored the safety of single-sperm cryopreservation applied in ICSI. This retrospective study enrolled 186 couples undergoing ICSI-assisted pregnancy. Subjects were allocated to the fresh sperm (group A)/single-sperm cryopreservation (group B) groups based on sperm type, with their clinical baseline/pathological data documented. We used ICSI-compliant sperm for subsequent in vitro fertilization and followed up on all subjects. The recovery rate/cryosurvival rate/sperm motility of both groups, the pregnancy/outcome of women receiving embryo transfer, and the delivery mode/neonatal-related information of women with successful deliveries were recorded. The clinical pregnancy rate, cumulative clinical pregnancy rate, abortion rate, ectopic pregnancy rate, premature delivery rate, live birth delivery rate, neonatal birth defect rate, and average birth weight were analyzed. The two groups showed no significant differences in age, body mass index, ovulation induction regimen, sex hormone [anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH)/follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)/luteinizing hormone (LH)] levels, or oocyte retrieval cycles. The sperm recovery rate (51.72%-100.00%) and resuscitation rate (62.09% ± 16.67%) in group B were higher; the sperm motility in the two groups demonstrated no significant difference and met the ICSI requirements. Group B exhibited an increased fertilization rate, decreased abortion rate, and increased safety versus group A. Compared with fresh sperm, the application of single-sperm cryopreservation in ICSI sensibly improved the fertilization rate and reduced the abortion rate, showing higher safety.

  • Chapter 14 - Surgical Management of Male Infertility

  • from Section 3 - Clinical Evaluation and Treatment of Male Infertility
  • Edited by Douglas T. Carrell, Utah Center for Reproductive Medicine, Alexander W. Pastuszak, University of Utah, James M. Hotaling, Utah Center for Reproductive Medicine
  • Book:
    Men's Reproductive and Sexual Health Throughout the Lifespan
    Published online:
    06 December 2023
    Print publication:
    16 November 2023, pp 113-119

  • Summary

    Male-factor infertility contributes significantly to the burden of infertility. Fortunately, many causes of male-factor infertility are amenable to surgical intervention. These interventions can be grouped broadly into three categories: 1) those that improve sperm delivery, including vasovasostomy, vasoepididymostomy, and transurethral resection of the ejaculatory ducts, for obstruction of the vas deferens, epididymitis, and ejaculatory ducts, respectively; 2) those that improve testicular function and optimize spermatogenesis, namely varicocelectomy; and 3) those that enable direct retrieval of sperm from either the epididymis (microsurgical epididymal sperm aspiration and percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration) or testicle (testicular sperm aspiration and testicular sperm extraction). When used in conjunction with other assisted reproductive techniques, including IVF/ICSI, these surgical procedures have vastly improved the reproductive outlook for many subgroups of infertile men who had previous been considered completely infertile.

  • Chapter 13 - Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

  • Edited by David K. Gardner, University of Melbourne, Botros R. M. B. Rizk, University of South Alabama, Tommaso Falcone
  • Book:
    Human Assisted Reproductive Technology
    Published online:
    16 May 2011
    Print publication:
    31 March 2011, pp 127-151

  • Summary

    This chapter describes surgical methods for retrieval of epididymal and testicular spermatozoa in men with obstructive azoospermia (OA) or non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA). Either percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) or microsurgical epididymal sperm aspiration (MESA) can be successfully used to retrieve sperm from the epididymis in men with OA. If PESA fails to retrieve motile sperm for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) is performed at the same operative time. TESA may be performed in either OA or NOA cases. The chapter also describes sperm retrieval rates using different methods and in several clinical conditions. It presents clinical outcomes of ICSI using testicular and epididymal sperm. The clinical outcomes of ICSI using testicular sperm extracted by TESA or micro-testicular sperm extraction (TESE) in NOA are significantly lower than those obtained with either ejaculated or epididymal/testicular sperm from men with OA.

  • 8 - What to know about the infertile female

  • Edited by Craig Niederberger, University of Illinois, Chicago
  • Book:
    An Introduction to Male Reproductive Medicine
    Published online:
    03 May 2011
    Print publication:
    24 March 2011, pp 134-151

  • Summary

    This chapter introduces medical students, residents, fellows, and practicing urologists to surgical syndromes that can affect a man's reproductive potential. The most widely accepted theory of how varicocele affects testicular function is that of elevated testicular temperature. When obstructive azoospermia is present, sperm production by the testis remains normal and often epididymal tubules become quite dilated. The yield of sperm from the epididymis is logarithmically higher than the yield of sperm from the testis. The anatomy of the male reproductive tract is such that sperm exit the testes, travel through the epididymis, and enter the vas deferens. The vas deferens travels into the inguinal canal with the spermatic cord and then dives posteromedially to fuse with the seminal vesicles at the ampulla of the vas deferens. Any serious medical illness or surgery can result in impaired testicular function and disruption of normal ejaculatory function.

  • 16 - Vitrification of human oocytes with different tools

  • from Section 4 - Cryopreservation of oocytes
  • Edited by Ri-Cheng Chian, McGill University, Montréal, Patrick Quinn
  • Book:
    Fertility Cryopreservation
    Published online:
    06 July 2010
    Print publication:
    13 May 2010, pp 131-143

  • Summary

    This chapter focuses on various issues in the cryopreservation of surgically retrieved sperm. When the male partner is unable to produce an adequate amount of ejaculated sperm with good quality for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), surgical sperm retrieval is indicated. Various techniques have been described and modified for sperm retrieval since the introduction of ICSI. The three principal sources of sperm are epididymides, testes, and ejaculation. The quantity of sperm retrievable surgically from the epididymides and testes is generally small compared with the amount of ejaculated sperm. With epididymal sperm, there are reductions in the concentration of viable spermatozoa as well as a significant decrease (by 50%) in the percentage of motile spermatozoa. For men with azoospermia, cryopreservation of sperm retrieved surgically in advance of the fertilization stage can allow better planning for the ICSI cycle and minimize unnecessary ovarian stimulation.

  • Chapter 36 - Sperm banking:

  • Edited by Larry I. Lipshultz, Stuart S. Howards, University of Virginia, Craig S. Niederberger, University of Illinois, Chicago
  • Book:
    Infertility in the Male
    Published online:
    19 May 2010
    Print publication:
    24 September 2009, pp 593-602

  • Summary

    In-vitro fertilization (IVF) has rapidly become a treatment for male factor infertility. Mature oocytes are inseminated in a Petri dish and examined 18 hours later for morphologic proof of fertilization. Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) is designated for women who have at least one functioning fallopian tube. Micromanipulation procedures progressed because of discouraging results with IVF for the male-factor patient. Although application of acid solutions or enzymes, and mechanical opening of the human zona pellucida have been developed, only partial zona dissection (PZD) has been successful in humans. One of the most significant risks associated with ART is the ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). Preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) for aneuploidies has been performed in patients with advanced maternal age, unexplained recurrent miscarriage, recurrent implantation failure, nonobstructive and obstructive azoospermia (NOA and OA), and severe sperm morphology anomalies.