In the space of a single generation, social media have transformed how billions of people make friends, build communities, and share knowledge. However, approaches that suggest harm occurs based solely on time spent using social media disguise this everyday reality. In response, this chapter points toward the importance of understanding who uses social media in daily life, why, and how. While we have more data than ever to help us explore the impacts of new technologies, including social media, everyday experiences require description alongside careful theorizing about the mechanisms that might cause benefits or harms. This collectively shifts research priorities towards applied applications that can mitigate problems, injustices, and inequalities that social media and other digital cultures can foster.

Much of the research discussed previously will have relied on participants consenting to have data collected from their smartphone. However, smartphones continue to pose an inherent security risk within and beyond research. They also provide ways in which criminals can operate and communicate across larger networks. Despite the majority of devices holding large quantities of personal information, many people continue to ignore advice when it comes to securing their device. This is particularly problematic when it comes to carrying out tasks on unsecured networks. Malware can also gain access to a smartphone and compromise its function.

The popularity of smartphones provide another digital outlet for illegal data capture and this chapter will consider why, despite multiple security concerns, the majority of smartphone users and even large organisations are unable to recognise the importance of developing sound security practices. A second stand considers how psychologists and software developers are attempting to improve the security of existing devices and encourage security focused beahviours. While data in the digital age can be tremendously valuable for research purposes, developing good practice remains essential when developing software that collects sensitive data from smartphones and associated devices.