This chapter describes five sequential medical steps to successful implantation and reviews the evidence supporting their efficacy and safety. The steps are: selection and preparation of the patient, optimizing the ovarian stimulation protocol, analysing the need of adjuvant medical therapies, embryo transfer and management of the luteal phase. Aspirin, nitric oxide donors, aromatase inhibitors, ascorbic acid, glucocorticoids and insulin-sensitizing drugs are the commonly used adjuvant drugs. Luteal phase length can be restored by stimulating the corpora lutea with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) (luteal phase support) or supplementation with progesterone. Improving embryo implantation continues to pose a major challenge to clinicians. While much progress has been made in technical aspects of in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment to optimize embryo quality and stimulation regimens, it is becoming increasingly clear that patient-related factors may be just as important or more important in determining the chance of success of treatment.