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  • Chapter 2 - Anatomic and Histological Changes of the Aging Brain

  • Edited by Kenneth M. Heilman, University of Florida, Stephen E. Nadeau, University of Florida
  • Book:
    Cognitive Changes and the Aging Brain
    Published online:
    30 November 2019
    Print publication:
    05 December 2019, pp 5-15

  • Summary

    This chapter discusses the age-related microscopic changes affecting neurons and glia emphasizing the alterations seen in cognitively intact individuals, although some changes also occur in neurodegenerative diseases. Also reviewed are common histopathological correlates of white matter changes and small vessel cerebrovascular changes. One age-associated vascular lesion, brain arteriolosclerosis, was recently shown to be related to “hippocampal sclerosis of aging.” The two disease entities are now collectively called “cerebral age-related TDP43 and sclerosis.” Finally, amyloid accumulation without tau or other neuropathologies, termed “pathological aging,” is discussed with a review of current described conditions occurring during aging, e.g., “primary age-related tauopathy” and “aging-related tau astrogliopathy.”