Les ouvrages actuels portant sur la gérontologie soutiennent qu'une renégociation des rôles maritaux et des pouvoirs relatifs se produit chez les couples d'aînés. Ils ne tiennent toutefois pas compte des facteurs structuraux entravant l'apport de changements dans la structure de ces couples. En examinant les politiques publiques des années 1930 et 1940 concernant le programme canadien de pensions de vieillesse, on constate un préjugé systémique et souvent conscient favorisant l'application de ce programme de façon à maintenir la hiérarchie traditionnelle des pouvoirs, fondée sur le sexe, chez les couples d'aînés. Certains aînés ont réagi en modifiant leur statut marital afin de bénéficier au maximum des avantages des politiques publiques.

I revisit trends in the level and distribution of income among Canadian seniors in the context of what is arguably the major source of change in these trends since the end of the seventies: the maturation of Canada's public and private earnings-related pension systems. The expanded role of earnings related pensions in the 1980s and 1990s is largely the result of changes that occurred in the 1950s and 1960s. The Canada and Quebec Pension Plans (C/QPP) were implemented in 1966 and the first cohort to receive full C/QPP benefits turned 65 in 1976. Cohorts retiring after this period were also the beneficiaries of the expansion of private occupational pensions that took place between the 1950s and the 1970s. I rely on a detailed decomposition of income by source to show that the maturation of these earnings-related programs produced not only a substantial increase in average real incomes but also a substantial reduction in income inequality among older persons, due mainly to higher C/QPP benefits. Rising real incomes went disproportionately to lower income seniors contributing to the well-known decline in low-income rates among older persons.