Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
  1. Home
  2. Search

Refine search

Refine search

Access:
Content type:
Publication date:
Apply   From and To filters
Subject: Show more
Journals Show more
Publishers: Show more
Societies Show more
Series: Show more
Collections: Show more

Actions for selected content:

Select all | Deselect all
  • View selected items
  • Export citations
  • Download PDF (zip)
  • Save to Kindle
  • Save to Dropbox
  • Save to Google Drive

Save Search

You can save your searches here and later view and run them again in "My saved searches".

Please provide a title, maximum of 40 characters.
Cancel
×

6 results

  • Single-use lidocaine hydrochloride 5 per cent w/v and phenylephrine hydrochloride 0.5 per cent w/v topical spray; can it now be employed as a multi-use atomiser?

  • M Jog, I Zudovaite, M O'Dwyer, K Saeed, T Singh
  • Journal:
    The Journal of Laryngology & Otology / Volume 134 / Issue 9 / September 2020
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    17 September 2020, pp. 826-829
    Print publication:
    September 2020
  • Objective

    This study investigated the risk of contamination of lidocaine hydrochloride 5 per cent w/v and phenylephrine hydrochloride 0.5 per cent w/v topical solution after modification of the application technique.

    Methods

    This paper reports a prospective basic sciences study involving 22 study samples and 1 control sample of the lidocaine hydrochloride and phenylephrine hydrochloride topical anaesthetic spray. The samples were assessed for microbiological contamination after a single use on patients using a modified application technique. The modification involves keeping the nozzle (actuator) pressed down whilst withdrawing the spray to at least 30 cm (1 ft) from the patient, before releasing the nozzle (actuator) and subsequently reapplying the spray.

    Results

    Three of the 23 samples confirmed bacterial growth in the bottle contents, but there was no growth in any of the samples from the pump. These bacteria are considered to be contaminants.

    Conclusion

    There is a potential to use the lidocaine hydrochloride 5 per cent w/v and phenylephrine hydrochloride 0.5 per cent w/v topical solution as a multi-use spray by changing the actuator between patients. This would have significant beneficial cost implications without the attendant infection control risk.

  • Risk of contamination of lidocaine hydrochloride and phenylephrine hydrochloride topical solution: in vivo and in vitro analyses

  • M Jog, R Sachidananda, K Saeed
  • Journal:
    The Journal of Laryngology & Otology / Volume 127 / Issue 8 / August 2013
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    30 July 2013, pp. 799-801
    Print publication:
    August 2013
  • Objective:

    To investigate the risk of contamination of lidocaine hydrochloride 5 per cent weight/volume and phenylephrine hydrochloride 0.5 per cent weight/volume topical solution, both in patients (in vivo) and in the laboratory setting (in vitro).

    Methods:

    This paper reports a prospective study involving 10 samples of the lidocaine hydrochloride and phenylephrine hydrochloride topical anaesthetic spray. The samples were assessed for microbiological contamination after a single use on patients in a controlled laboratory environment. Additional samples were assessed for baseline contamination and later assessed for contamination in an in vitro setting.

    Results:

    In the in vivo setting, 2 of the 10 samples were positive for cultures from both the pump and the bottles. However, in the in vitro setting, the pump and the contents of the bottles were contaminated after a single use when the sterile solution was sprayed from distances of 1 and 2 cm.

    Conclusion:

    The lidocaine hydrochloride and phenylephrine hydrochloride topical solution assembly was contaminated in both in vivo and in vitro settings after a single use.

  • Chapter 16 - Nitrous oxide

  • Edited by Ian McConachie, University of Western Ontario
  • Book:
    Controversies in Obstetric Anesthesia and Analgesia
    Published online:
    05 December 2011
    Print publication:
    17 November 2011, pp 196-206

  • Summary

    Hypotension following spinal anesthesia in obstetric patients is commonplace. Spinal anesthesia induces a sympathectomy, leading to vasodilation, increased venous capacitance, and decreased venous return. High levels of sympathetic blockade can decrease maternal cardiac output although with lesser height and degrees of sympathetic blockade a compensatory increase in cardiac output may be seen secondary to reductions in cardiac afterload. Risk factors associated with spinal-induced hypotension include: increasing age, pre-existing hypertension, higher infant birth weight and obesity. Many studies have been carried out to determine the role of ephedrine and phenylephrine during spinal anesthesia for cesarean section. Chronic hypotension, especially if accompanied by decreased cardiac output, may reduce placental perfusion and impair fetal oxygenation. Drawbacks to ephedrine include variable efficacy at prophylaxis of hypotension secondary to spinal anesthesia in low doses or in doses normally used in the clinical setting.

  • Corneal Limbal Foreign Bodies

  • Abdul-Jabbar Ghauri, Imran J. Khan
  • Journal:
    Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine / Volume 13 / Issue 4 / July 2011
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    11 May 2015, pp. 277-278
    Print publication:
    July 2011
    • Article
      • You have access
    • PDF
    • Export citation

  • Impedance cardiography-derived hemodynamic responses during baroreceptor testing with amyl nitrite and phenylephrine: A validity and reliability study

  • RICHARD A. NELESEN, ROBERT SHAW, MICHAEL G. ZIEGLER, JOEL E. DIMSDALE
  • Journal:
    Psychophysiology / Volume 36 / Issue 1 / January 1999
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    01 January 1999, pp. 105-108
    Print publication:
    January 1999

  • Baroreflex (BR) testing with phenylephrine (PE) and amyl nitrite (AN) provided an opportunity to evaluate the ability of impedance cardiography (IC) to track the rapid hemodynamic (HD) changes elicited by these drugs. The AN response was measured after inhalation and the PE response was measured after a bolus injection in 19 subjects on two occasions. High reliability was observed for all of the HD measures. Blood pressure (BP), peripheral resistance (PR), and preejection period (PEP) decreased significantly after administration of AN, whereas heart rate (HR) and cardiac output (dotted Q) increased. BP and total PR increased significantly after administration of PE; HR and dotted Q decreased and PEP did not change significantly. Stroke volume did not change significantly with either drug. The BR slope was reliably elicited with AN and PE. The IC and Finapres BP consistently detected short-term changes in HD responses to AN and PE. The pharmacological interventions demonstrated that IC measures followed the course predicted by the actions of the drugs. Change in PEP and dZ/dt reflected increased contractility. The BR sensitivity was also reproducible.

  • Cocaine or phenylephrine/lignocaine for nasal fibreoptic intubation?

  • F. Latorre, W. Otter, P. P. Kleemann, W. Dick, J. Jage
  • Journal:
    European Journal of Anaesthesiology / Volume 13 / Issue 6 / November 1996
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    04 August 2006, pp. 577-581
    Print publication:
    November 1996

  • In order to assess if a mixture of phenylephrine/lignocaine is as effective as cocaine for local analgesia and vasoconstriction during nasal fibreoptic intubation, 99 patients receiving topical nasal analgesia either with cocaine 10% or a mixture of phenylephrine 1% and lignocaine 4% were studied in a randomized double-blind investigation. After topical analgesia a flexible fibreoptic endoscope was advanced through a nostril. Larynx, glottis and trachea were endoscopically sprayed with lignocaine. Following induction of anaesthesia a nasotracheal tube was inserted fibreoptically. Pain intensity and amount of epistaxis during endoscopy were assessed.Blood pressure, heart rate and ECG-ST segment were determined before and after topical nasal analgesia, after induction of anaesthesia and after nasotracheal intubation. There were no significant differences in painintensity or epistaxis between groups during endoscopy, nor significant alterations in haemodynamic parameters or ST-segment. It is concluded that the mixture of phenylephrine and lignocaine is a useful alternative to cocaine for local analgesia and vasoconstriction during nasal fibreoptic intubation.