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2 results

  • Appendix - A Rapid Review of Sets and Probability

  • David C. Vella, Skidmore College, New York
  • Book:
    Invitation to Linear Programming and Game Theory
    Published online:
    11 March 2021
    Print publication:
    11 March 2021, pp 480-517

  • Summary

    In this appendix, we collect together some basic material that readers should know before studying this book. The material includes sets, enumeration, and probability. In practice, we have found that students have often already been exposed to this material and only need a quick review, so we did not want to include another introductory chapter delaying the study of our main topics. We cover sets, subsets, universal sets, unions,intersections and complements, Cartesian products, power sets, and rules such as De Morgan's laws. For enumeration, we cover the addition and multiplications rules and special cases such as permutations and combinations. For probability, although our coverage is less detailed than other chapters, we actually cover more than we need for the rest of the book, including conditional probability and Bayes's theorem. Most readers will be comfortable just using this chapter as a reference or review.

  • Repeated Multiple Maternities in Triplet Families

  • Johan Fellman, Aldur W. Eriksson
  • Journal:
    Twin Research and Human Genetics / Volume 17 / Issue 3 / June 2014
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    09 April 2014, pp. 206-210
    • Article
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  • In earlier studies, scientists have attempted to identify genetic and environmental factors affecting the rate of multiple maternities among humans. We contribute to these studies by analysing the frequencies of multiple maternities in sibships containing triplets. Use of the Hellin transformation is included in evaluation of the triplet rate. Our results indicate greater frequencies of repeated multiple maternities in the sibships than expected, based on population frequencies. The excesses obtained are more marked in triplet maternities than in twin maternities. The transformed triplet rate shows results similar to the twinning rate. The findings also indicate that in families, the influence of maternal factors on the frequencies of multiple maternities is stronger than the influence of paternal factors.