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3 results

  • 1 - Conversation Analysis

  • from Part I - Language in Context: A Sociohistorical Perspective
  • Edited by Jesús Romero-Trillo, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Handbook of Language in Context
    Published online:
    30 November 2023
    Print publication:
    14 December 2023, pp 9-48

  • Summary

    Conversation Analysis (CA) is a major contributing discipline to the study of language use and social action in context. Originating in the discipline of sociology, it forms the basis for the burgeoning field of interactional linguistics. This chapter offers an overview of major themes in the field. Beginning with a brief discussion of the intellectual background of the field, the chapter sketches three distinctive levels of analysis: sequential organization, practices of turn construction, and the organization of these practices as sets of resources for dealing with recurrent problems in the social organization of interaction. Sections of the chapter deal with sequence organization, preference, turn design, the fitting of talk to specific contexts and recipients (recipient design), progressivity, multimodality, and interaction in the context of specific social institutions such as medicine, legal discourse, and news conferences.

  • 2 - Seeing Silenced Agendas in Medical Interaction: A Conversation Analytic Case Study

  • Edited by Amy Jo Murray, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, Kevin Durrheim, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
  • Book:
    Qualitative Studies of Silence
    Published online:
    30 June 2019
    Print publication:
    18 July 2019, pp 38-58

  • Summary

    Conversation analysis (CA) is a paradigm for studying social interaction, investigating talk in its sequential context. The concept of adjacency (the relationship between two turns uttered by different speakers one after the other) is a powerful resource for participants to make sense of what each speaker is doing, both through talk and its absence. This concept enables us to pinpoint the relevant absence of talk of a specific kind. Drawing on three key conversation analytic tools – sequence organization, preference organization and turn taking – this chapter demonstrates how CA can be used to get a handle on the"unsaid." We present a case study from a neurology consultation in which an adult patient’s mother and neurologist work to process their contrasting diagnostic agendas. We demonstrate how CA can reveal (1) what is relevantly absent in a sequence of talk; (2) the unsaid in what is articulated, and (3) the (often subtle) silencing of another through particular interactional "moves." We show that the underlying conflict seldom rises to the surface of the interaction; each speaker attempts to maintain social bonds while s advancing their own objectives.

  • A preference for progressivity in interaction

  • TANYA STIVERS, JEFFREY D. ROBINSON
  • Journal:
    Language in Society / Volume 35 / Issue 3 / July 2006
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    02 May 2006, pp. 367-392
    Print publication:
    July 2006

  • This article investigates two types of preference organization in interaction: in response to a question that selects a next speaker in multi-party interaction, the preference for answers over non-answer responses as a category of a response; and the preference for selected next speakers to respond. It is asserted that the turn allocation rule specified by Sacks, Schegloff & Jefferson (1974) which states that a response is relevant by the selected next speaker at the transition relevance place is affected by these two preferences once beyond a normal transition space. It is argued that a “second-order” organization is present such that interactants prioritize a preference for answers over a preference for a response by the selected next speaker. This analysis reveals an observable preference for progressivity in interaction.Thank you to Nick Enfield, Steve Levinson and Manny Schegloff for useful discussions about the phenomena discussed in this article, and to John Heritage for his careful reading and comments on earlier drafts. Portions of this article were presented at the 2002 Western States Communication Association convention, Long Beach, California, and at the Workshop on Feedback in Interaction at the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, in February 2004.