Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in combination with electron tomography is widely used to obtain nanometer scale three-dimensional (3D) structural information about biological samples. However, studies of whole eukaryotic cells are limited in resolution and/or contrast on account of the effect of chromatic aberration of the TEM objective lens on electrons that have been scattered inelastically in the specimen. As a result, 3D information is usually obtained from sections and not from whole cells. Here, we use chromatic aberration-corrected TEM to record bright-field TEM images of nanoparticles in a whole mount macrophage cell. Tilt series of images are used to generate electron tomograms, which are analyzed to assess the spatial resolution that can be achieved for different vertical positions in the specimen. The uptake of gold nanoparticles coated with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is studied. The LDL is found to assemble in clusters. The clusters contain nanoparticles taken up on different days, which are joined without mixing their nanoparticle cargo.

In this paper, we construct and analyze finite element methods for the three dimensionalMonge-Ampère equation. We derive methods using the Lagrange finite element space such thatthe resulting discrete linearizations are symmetric and stable. With this in hand, we thenprove the well-posedness of the method, as well as derive quasi-optimal error estimates.We also present some numerical experiments that back up the theoretical findings.

In this paper, jamming analyses of the three dimensional dual peg-in-hole are presented. First, for a three dimensional dual peg-in-hole, possible contact states are enumerated and geometric analyses are presented. Second, the contact forces are described by the screw theory in three dimensions. The force/moment equations for static equilibrium states of three dimensional dual-peg insertions are derived. Third, jamming diagrams are obtained. Eleven kinds of possible jamming diagrams are analyzed. Finally, an experiment of a dual peg-in-hole assembly is presented to show the effectiveness of the above analyses.

This paper describes a path planning method for a small autonomous aerial vehicle to be used for inspecting overhead electricity power lines. A computational algorithm is described which converts a standard three dimensional array representation of one or more obstacles in the vehicle's environment into an octree and a connectivity graph. This achieves a significant reduction in computer memory usage and an increase in execution speed when the graph is searched. Path planning is based on a three-dimensional extension of the distance transform. Test results demonstrate rapid and effective operation of the planner within different workspaces.