Correlated responses in slaughter and carcass traits to divergent selection for high or low carcass lean content in Texel-Oxford sheep were measured in the crossbred progeny of 23 rams. Rams were selected using the selection index: -0·995 FATD + 0·206 WT20, where FATD and WT20 are the ultrasonic backfat depth and live weight at 20 weeks of age, with both traits standardized to have zero mean and unit phenotypic variance. A total of 329 crossbred lambs were slaughtered at 16 weeks of age and 250 lambs were slaughtered at fixed weight, 38 to 40 kg for castrated males and 36 to 38 kg for ewe lambs. Progeny from high-line rams grew faster, as indicated by the heavier slaughter weight of lambs slaughtered at fixed age (04 (s.e.d. 0·5) kg) and the lower age at slaughter for lambs slaughtered at fixed weight (-5 (s.e.d. 3) days). Subcutaneous and internal fat scores and the Meat and Livestock Commission carcass appraisal and conformation scores were all lower in the high line than in the low line and the magnitude of the selection line differences for lambs slaughtered at fixed weight was essentially double that of lambs slaughtered at fixed age (0·8 v. 0·5 score units).

Shoulder joints of 254 lambs, slaughtered at fixed age, were dissected and half carcasses were dissected on 66 of the lambs. Carcass and shoulder joint information was combined with double-sampling methodology, using multiple regression equations to predict carcass composition. For each tissue type, viz. lean, subcutaneous fat, internal fat and bone, the correlations between carcass content and shoulder joint content were at least 0·90 and the proportions of variation in carcass tissue content accounted for by the prediction equations were also at least 0·90. Progeny of high-line rams had higher carcass lean weight, (402 (s.e.d. 140) g) than progeny from the low line, with no difference in carcass fat weight, such that carcass lean content was higher, (10 (s.e.d. 5) g/kg), and carcass fat content was lower, (-10 (s.e.d. 7) g/kg). Based on the slaughter and carcass traits of these crossbred progeny, divergent selection for high and low carcass lean content has established lines of animals with different rates of lean growth but similar rates offat deposition.