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7 - The Nile River Basin
from Part III - Engineered Rivers
- By Muhammad Khalifa, Sephra Thomas, Lars Ribbe
Edited by Jurgen Schmandt, Aysegül Kibaroglu
Edited in association with Regina Buono, University of Texas, Austin, Sephra Thomas, University of Texas, Austin
Book:

Sustainability of Engineered Rivers In Arid Lands

Published online:

16 September 2021

Print publication:

16 September 2021, pp 79-93
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Summary

The chapter analyzes upstream-downstream issues in the Nile river basin. The large increase in population in the future and the resulting push for development will increase demand of the Nile flow in upstream riparian countries where headwaters are sourced. Variability in temperature and precipitation due to climate change will impact the heavily populated areas the most, which in the case of the Nile, is at the Delta in Egypt. This will have a deep economic impact as Egypt is the most prosperous country along the Nile. However, the increased development and engineering upstream will affect how much of the Nile is available at a specific time for Egypt. These tensions are already seen in the construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam. An agreement still has not been reached as countries are struggling with sharing ownership of the river. If sufficient flow is not released to Egypt, saltwater intrusion in Egypt can endanger current groundwater storage, pushing the country to invest in more desalination.