Problem-solving courts search for young people's strengths, and endeavor to support youth with needed educational, vocational, health, and mental health services. They seek to deliver services in a culturally relevant, developmentally appropriate manner, and they strive to link youth to effective aftercare. The youth court model evolved gradually over the last half century. Restorative justice conferences base their effectiveness on "principles of control, deterrence, and reintegrative shaming". Developers of mental health courts recognized the silo effect of two systems, mental health and juvenile justice, working independently to address the needs of the same severely emotionally and behaviorally disturbed youth who commit delinquent acts. Juvenile drug courts, mental health courts, and peer courts are innovative responses to justice-involved youth that restore the rehabilitative mission of the juvenile justice system. They promise to avoid the economic, and more importantly, the human cost of detention and punishment.