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10 - Disrupted Circadian Rhythms and Metabolic Function

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 October 2023

By
Deanna M. Arble
Edited by
Laura K. Fonken  and
Randy J. Nelson
Laura K. Fonken
Affiliation:
University of Texas, Austin
Randy J. Nelson
Affiliation:
West Virginia University
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Summary

Energy intake, utilization, and storage are critical to an animal’s health and fitness. The circadian clock organizes a variety of behavioral, physiological, and molecular processes to anticipate and optimize metabolic function. From behaviors such as the timing of feeding, to molecular interactions with the Clock gene, humans and other animals have evolved to coordinate metabolic processes to a 24-hour day. Thus, when circadian rhythms are disrupted or misaligned, an animal’s ability to anticipate and optimize metabolic processes is compromised. As discussed in this chapter, disruptions to circadian rhythmicity can result in adverse effects on body mass regulation and glucose homeostasis. Because these effects often present in parallel, this chapter organizes its discussion into two sections highlighting work from both clinical and preclinical animal studies. This approach allows one to appreciate the importance of circadian rhythmicity to metabolic wellbeing while introducing mechanistic explanations for how circadian disruption impacts body mass and glucose regulation.

Keywords

circadianmetabolismshift workbody massglucose homeostasis
Type
Chapter
Information
Biological Implications of Circadian Disruption
A Modern Health Challenge
 , pp. 223 - 237
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

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