The Danubian and Balkan provinces

doi:10.1017/CHOL9780521264303.021

13h - The Danubian and Balkan provinces

from 13 - The West

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 March 2008

Edited by

Edward Champlin and

J. J. Wilkes: Affiliation:
University College London
Alan K. Bowman: Affiliation:
University of Oxford
Edward Champlin: Affiliation:
Princeton University, New Jersey
Andrew Lintott: Affiliation:
University of Oxford

Book contents

References

Get access

Summary

THE ADVANCE TO THE DANUBE AND BEYOND, 43 B.C.–A.D. 6

‘Magnum est stare in Danubii ripa’ proclaimed the Younger Pliny to the emperor Trajan. An approach to the river, either dilated in the plains or surging awesomely in one of its several gorges, rarely fails to stir the imagination. The river Danube figures in some of Europe's oldest myths, some from remote prehistory, such as the tale of the returning Argonauts sailing upstream from the Black Sea to the Adriatic. Throughout history conquerors and their armies have exulted at gaining the river, though perhaps none more emphatically than the emperor Augustus who boasted in his Res Gestae of the advance, achieved by his stepson and legate Tiberius Nero, of the boundaries of Illyricum to the bank of the Danube. Not until the middle course of the Danube had been secured could Rome hold and exploit the overland route between Italy and her eastern territories. That remains today the principal land routebetween Europe and the Middle East, via Zagreb, Belgrade, Niš, and Sofia to Istanbul, or south from Niš via Skopje and Thessalonica to Athens. For nearly four centuries this highway was the principal military axis of the Roman empire, notably in the recurrent episodes of civil war, from the turmoil of A.D. 68–9 which followed the end of the Julio-Claudians to the great conflicts of the fourth century which troubled the dynasties of Constantine and Valentinian.

Keywords

Balkan Danube Illyricum indigenous peoples Roman army Thracians Roman colonies

Type: Chapter
Information: The Cambridge Ancient History , pp. 545 - 585

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521264303.021 [Opens in a new window]

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Print publication year: 1996

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alföldy, G. Römische Heeresgeschichte. Beiträge 1962–85. Amsterdam, 1987.

Alföldy, G. ‘Des territoires occupés par les Scordisques’, Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 12 (1964).Google Scholar

Alföldy, G. ‘Die Namengebung der Urbevölkerung in der römischen Provinz Dalmatia’, Beiträge zur Namen for schung 15 (1964).Google Scholar

Alföldy, G. ‘Rider’, Pauly, A. F. et al., Real-Encyclopädie der klassischen Alter tum swissenschaft. Stuttgart 1894– Suppl. 11 (1968).Google Scholar

Alföldy, G. ‘Senatoren in der römischen Provinz Dalmatien’, Epigraphische Studien 5 (1968).Google Scholar

Alföldy, G. Noricum. London, 1974.

Bianchi Bandinelli, R. Rome, le centre du pouvoir. Paris, 1969 (=Roma.L'arte romana nel centro del potere. Milan, 1969; =Rome, the Centre of Power: Roman Art to A.D. 200. London, 1970).

Bosworth, A. B. ‘Asinius Pollio and Augustus’, Hist. 21 (1972).Google Scholar

Brunt, P. A. Italian Manpower 225 B.C.–A.D. 14. Oxford, 1971.

Clairmont, C. W. Excavations at Salona, Yugoslavia, 1969–72. Park Ridge, NJ, 1975.

Crawford, M. H. Coinage and Money under the Roman Republic: Italy and the Mediterranean Economy. London, 1985.

Daicoviciu, H. Dacia de la Burebista la cucerirea Romana. Cluj, 1972.

Danoff, C. M. ‘Zur Geschichte des westpontischen koinon’, Klio 31 (1938).Google Scholar

Dušanić, S. ‘Aspects of Roman mining in Noricum, Pannonia, Dalmatia and Moesia Superior’, Temporini, H., Haase, W. (eds.), Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt. Geschichte und Kultur Roms im Spiegel der neueren Forschung. Berlin and New York, 1972– II, 6 (1977).Google Scholar

Egger, R. Die Stadt auf dem Magdalensberg: ein Grosshandelsplatz (Denkschr. Ost. Akad. phil.-hist. Kl. 79). Vienna, 1961.

Fitz, J. ‘La division de l'Illyricum’, Latomus 47 (1988).Google Scholar

Gajdukević, F. Das Bosporanische Reich. Berlin, 1971.

Garašanin, M. ‘The early Iron Age in the central Balkan area’, The Cambridge Ancient History III2.1. Cambridge, 1982.Google Scholar

Gerov, B. ‘Römische Bürgerrechtsverleihung und Kolonisation in Thrakien von Trajan’, Studii Clasice 3 (1961) (= E).Google Scholar

Gerov, B. ‘Die Grenzen der römischen Provinz Thracia bis zur Gründung des aurelianischen Dakien’, Temporini, H., Haase, W. (eds.), Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt. Geschichte und Kultur Roms im Spiegel der neueren Forschung. Berlin and New York, 1972– II, 7.1 (1979).Google Scholar

Hartley, B. and Wacher, J. (eds.) Rome and her Northern Provinces (Papers presented to Sheppard Frere in honour of his retirement from the Chair of the Archaeology of the Roman Empire, University of Oxford, 1983). Gloucester, 1983.

Hoddinott, R. F. The Thracians. London, 1981.

Marić, Z. ‘Archaeologische Forschungen auf der Akropolis der illyrischen Stadt DAORS … in Ošanići bei Stolać’, Glasnik zemaljskog muzeja Bosne i Hercegovine: Arhelogija 30/31 (1977).Google Scholar

Matijasić, R. ‘La produzione ed il commercio di tegole ad Aquileia’, Vita sociale, artistica e commcrcialc di Aquileia romana II (Antichità Altoadriatiche 29). Udine, 1987.Google Scholar

Mócsy, A. Pannonia and Upper Moesia. London, 1974.

Mócsy, A. ‘Die Einwanderung der Iazygen’, Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 25 (1977).Google Scholar

Mócsy, A. ‘Der vertuschte Dakerkrieg des M. Licinius Crassus’, Hist. 15 (1966).Google Scholar

Novak, G. ‘La province Illyricum était-elle au temps d'Octavien Auguste et de Tibère divisée en Superior provincia Illyricum et Inferior provincia Illyricum?’, in Chevallier, R. (ed.) Mélanges Piganiol III. Paris, 1966.Google Scholar

Papazoglu, F. The Central Balkan Tribes in Pre&-Roman Times. Amsterdam, 1978.

Papazoglu, F. ‘Quelques aspects de l'histoire de la province de Macédoine’, Temporini, H., Haase, W. (eds.), Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt. Geschichte und Kultur Roms im Spiegel der neueren Forschung. Berlin and New York, 1972– II, 7. 1 (1979).Google Scholar

Piccottini, G. ‘Die Stadt auf dem Magdalensberg – ein spätkeltisches und frührömisches Zentrum im südlichen Noricum’, Temporini, H., Haase, W. (eds.), Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt. Geschichte und Kultur Roms im Spiegel der neueren Forschung. Berlin and New York, 1972– II, 6 (1977).Google Scholar

Piccottini, G. and Vetters, H. Führer durch die Ausgrabungen auf dem Magdalensberg. 2nd edn. Klagenfurt, 1981.

Pippidi, D. M. Epigraphische Beiträge zur Geschichte Histrias in hellenistischer und römischer Zeit. Berlin, 1962.

Pippidi, D. M. Contributii la istoria veche a Romaniei. Bucharest, 1967.

Polomé, E. C. ‘Balkan Languages (Illyrian, Thracian and Daco-Moesian)’, The Cambridge Ancient History III2.1. Cambridge, 1982.Google Scholar

Sašel, J. Studien zu den Militärgrenzen Roms II (Köln, 1977).

Šašel, J. ‘Emona’, Pauly, A. F. et al., Real-Encyclopädie der klassischen Alter tum swissenschaft. Stuttgart 1894– Suppl. xi (1968).Google Scholar

Šašel, J. ‘Trajan's canal at the “Iron Gate”’, Journal of Roman Studies 63 (1973).Google Scholar

Šašel, J. ‘Siscia’, Pauly, A. F. et al., Real-Encyclopädie der klassischen Alter tum swissenschaft. Stuttgart 1894– Suppl. XIV (1974).Google Scholar

Starr, C. G. The Roman Imperial Navy 31 b.c.–a.d. 324. New York, 1941. 2nd edn. Cambridge, 1960.

Stiglitz, H., Kandler, M. and Jobst, W. ‘Carnuntum’, Temporini, H., Haase, W. (eds.), Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt. Geschichte und Kultur Roms im Spiegel der neueren Forschung. Berlin and New York, 1972– II, 6 (1977).Google Scholar

Stipčević, A. The Illyrians: History and Culture. Park Ridge, NJ, 1977.

Suić, M. Antički Gradna istočnom jadranu. Zagreb, 1976.

Sullivan, R. D. ‘Thrace in the eastern dynastic network’, Temporini, H., Haase, W. (eds.), Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt. Geschichte und Kultur Roms im Spiegel der neueren Forschung. Berlin and New York, 1972– II, 7.1 (1979).Google Scholar

Svoljšak, Dr. ‘The prehistoric settlement at Most na Soči’, Archaeologia Iugoslvica 17 (1976).Google Scholar

Swoboda, E. Forschungen am obermoesischen Limes (Schriften der Balkankommission: Ant. Abt. 10). Vienna–Leipzig, 1939.

Syme, R. Danubian Papers. Bucharest, 1971.

Syme, R. The Roman Revolution. Oxford, 1939.

Syme, R. Roman Papers. 7 vols. Oxford, 1979–91 (I, II: 1979; III: 1984; IV, V: 1988; VI, VII: 1991).

Thomasson, B. Laterculi Praesidum I–II. Gothenburg, 1975–84.

Velkov, V. Cities in Thrace and Dacia in Late Antiquity. Amsterdam, 1977.

Vittinghoff, F. Römische Kolonisation und Bürgerrechtspolitik unter Caesar und Augustus (Akad. Mainz Abh. Geistes und Sozialwissensch. Kl. Jhrg. 1951 no. 14). Wiesbaden, 1952.

Vulpe, R. and Barnea, I. Din istoria Dobrogei II. Bucharest, 1968.

Wilkes, J. J. ‘Σπλαυνον – Splonum again’, Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 13 (1965).Google Scholar

Wilkes, J. J. Dalmatia. London, 1969.

Wilkes, J. J. ‘Boundary stones in Roman Dalmatia: 1. The inscriptions’, Arbeološki Vestnik 25 (1974).Google Scholar

Zabehlicky-Scheffenegger, S. and Kandler, M. Burnum I. Erster Bericht über die Kleinfunde der Grabungen 1973 und 1974 auf dem Forum (Schriften der Balkankommission, Antiqu. Abt. 14). Vienna, 1979.

Zaninović, M. ‘The Economy of Roman Dalmatia’, Temporini, H., Haase, W. (eds.), Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt. Geschichte und Kultur Roms im Spiegel der neueren Forschung. Berlin and New York, 1972– II, 6 (1977).Google Scholar

Book contents

13h - The Danubian and Balkan provinces

Summary

Keywords

Access options

References

Save book to Kindle

Save book to Dropbox

Save book to Google Drive