Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jn8rn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T16:40:34.888Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

25 - Crisis Informatics

from Part III - Activities in Cyber Behavior

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 December 2024

Zheng Yan
Affiliation:
University at Albany, State University of New York
Get access

Summary

1 Introduction and Brief History

2 Usage Patterns – Types of Interaction in Social Media

 2.1 Citizens to Citizens (C2C) – Self-Coordination and Help

 2.2 Authorities to Citizens (A2C) – Crisis Communication and Public Alerting

 2.3 Citizens to Authorities (C2A) – Integration of Citizen-Generated Content

 2.4 Authorities to Authorities (A2A) – Inter- and Intra-Organizational Crisis Management

3 Role Patterns – Types of Users in Social Media

 3.1 Public Perspective – Emerging, Expanding, and Extending Groups and Virtual and Technical Communities

 3.2 Authority Perspective – Incident Management and Virtual Operations Support Teams

4 Information Patterns – Gathering and Analysis of Big Crisis Data

 4.1 Channels, Access, and Content in Social Media

 4.2 Analysis, Filtering, and Evaluation of Social Data

5 Perception Patterns – Views on Social Media

 5.1 Authorities’ Perception of Social Media

 5.2 Citizens’ Perception of Social Media

6 Future Directions

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Akhgar, B., Fortune, D., Hayes, R. E., Guerra, B., & Manso, M. (2013). Social media in crisis events: Open networks and collaboration supporting disaster response and recovery. In 2013 IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Homeland Security (HST) (pp. 760765). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/THS.2013.6699099CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alam, F., Ofli, F., & Imran, M. (2018). Processing social media images by combining human and machine computing during crises. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 34(4), 311327. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2018.1427831CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alam, F., Ofli, F., & Imran, M. (2019). Descriptive and visual summaries of disaster events using artificial intelligence techniques: Case studies of Hurricanes Harvey, Irma, and Maria. Behaviour & Information Technology, 131. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2019.1610908CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allcott, H., Gentzkow, M., & Yu, C. (2019). Trends in the diffusion of misinformation on social media. Research and Politics, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/2053168019848554CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, C. (2004). Tracing the Evolution of Social Software. www.lifewithalacrity.com/2004/10/tracing_the_evo.htmlGoogle Scholar
American Red Cross. (2012). More Americans Using Mobile Apps in Emergencies. Retrieved May 26, 2014, from www.redcross.org/news/press-release/More-Americans-Using-Mobile-Apps-in-EmergenciesGoogle Scholar
Bergstrand, F., Landgren, J., & Green, V. (2013). Authorities don’t tweet, employees do! In Proceedings of the International Conference on Human–Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services (MobileHCI). ACM. http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/2.1.3099.2644Google Scholar
Blei, D. M., Ng, A. Y., & Jordan, M. I. (2003). Latent dirichlet allocation. Journal of Machine Learning Research, 3(4–5), 9931022. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-411519-4.00006-9Google Scholar
Burnett, M., Kulesza, T., Oleson, A., Ernst, S., Beckwith, L., Cao, J., … & Grigoreanu, V. (2017). Toward theory-based end-user software engineering. In Paternò, F. & Wulf, V. (Eds.), New perspectives in end-user development (pp. 231268). Springer International. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60291-2_10CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Castillo, C. (2016). Big crisis data: Social media in disasters and time-critical situations. Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chauhan, A., & Hughes, A. L. (2017). Providing online crisis information: An analysis of official sources during the 2014 Carlton Complex wildfire. In Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI 2017). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3025453.3025627Google Scholar
Chrpa, L., & Thórisson, K. R. (2013). On applicability of automated planning for incident management. In The international Scheduling and Planning Applications woRKshop (pp. 1–7). University of Huddersfield. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/24490/Google Scholar
Cinelli, M., Quattrociocchi, W., Galeazzi, A., Valensise, C. M., Brugnoli, E., Schmidt, A. L., … & Scala, A. (2020). The COVID-19 Social Media Infodemic, 1–18. http://arxiv.org/abs/2003.05004Google Scholar
Cobb, C., McCarthy, T., Perkins, A., Bharadwaj, A., Comis, J., Do, B., & Starbird, K. (2014). Designing for the deluge: Understanding & supporting the distributed, collaborative work of crisis volunteers. In Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) (pp. 888–899). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/2531602.2531712Google Scholar
Delibaši, B., Vuki, M., Jovanovi, M., & Suknovi, M. (2013). White-box or black-box decision tree algorithms: Which to use in education? IEEE Transactions on Education, 56(3), 287291.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Denef, S., Bayerl, P. S., & Kaptein, N. (2013). Social media and the police – tweeting practices of British police forces during the August 2011 riots. In Proceedings of the Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI) (pp. 3471–3480). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/2470654.2466477Google Scholar
Du, M., Liu, N., & Hu, X. (2020). Techniques for interpretable machine learning. Communications of the ACM, 63(1), 6877. https://doi.org/10.1145/3359786CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eismann, K., Posegga, O., & Fischbach, K. (2016). Collective behaviour, social media, and disasters: A systematic literature review. In European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS). AIS Electronic Library (AISeL). https://aisel.aisnet.org/ecis2016_rp/104/Google Scholar
Fahad, A., Alshatri, N., Tari, Z., Alamri, A., Khalil, I., Zomaya, A. Y., … & Bouras, A. (2014). A survey of clustering algorithms for big data: Taxonomy and empirical analysis. IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing, 2(3), 267279. https://doi.org/10.1109/TETC.2014.2330519CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fathi, R., Thom, D., Koch, S., Ertl, T., & Fiedrich, F. (2020). VOST: A case study in voluntary digital participation for collaborative emergency management. Information Processing and Management, 57(4), 102174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2019.102174CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flizikowski, A., Hołubowicz, W., Stachowicz, A., Hokkanen, L., & Delavallade, T. (2014). Social media in crisis management – the iSAR + project survey. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM) (pp. 707–711). ISCRAM Digital Library. http://idl.iscram.org/files/flizikowski/2014/499_Flizikowski_etal2014.pdfGoogle Scholar
Goolsby, R. (2010). Social media as crisis platform: The future of community maps/crisis maps. ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology, 1(1), 111. https://doi.org/10.1145/1858948.1858955CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gründer-Fahrer, S., Schlaf, A., Wiedemann, G., & Heyer, G. (2018). Topics and topical phases in German social media communication during a disaster. Natural Language Engineering, 24. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1351324918000025CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Habdank, M., Rodehutskors, N., & Koch, R. (2017). Relevancy assessment of tweets using supervised learning techniques mining emergency related tweets for automated relevancy classification. In 2017 4th International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies for Disaster Management (ICT-DM). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICT-DM.2017.8275670Google Scholar
Hagar, C. (2007). The information needs of farmers and use of ICTs. In Nerlich, B. & Doring, M. (Eds.), From mayhem to meaning: Assessing the social and cultural impact of the 2001 foot and mouth outbreak in the UK. Manchester University Press.Google Scholar
Harrald, J. R., Egan, D. M., & Jefferson, T. (2002). Web enabled disaster and crisis response: What have we learned from September 11th? In Proceedings of the Bled eConference (pp. 69–83). University of Maribor. https://domino.fov.uni-mb.si/proceedings.nsf/proceedings/d3a6817c6cc6c4b5c1256e9f003bb2bd/$file/harrald.pdfGoogle Scholar
Hartwig, K., & Reuter, C. (2019). TrustyTweet: An indicator-based browser-plugin to assist users in dealing with fake news on Twitter. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Wirtschaftsinformatik (WI). Siegen.Google Scholar
Haunschild, J., Kaufhold, M.-A., & Reuter, C. (2020). Sticking with landlines? Citizens’ and police social media use and expectation during emergencies. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Wirtschaftsinformatik (WI). GITO. https://doi.org/10.30844/wi_2020_o2-haunschildGoogle Scholar
Helsloot, I., & Ruitenberg, A. (2004). Citizen response to disasters: A survey of literature and some practical implications. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 12(3), 98111. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0966-0879.2004.00440.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hiltz, S. R., Diaz, P., & Mark, G. (2011). Introduction: Social media and collaborative systems for crisis management. ACM Transactions on Computer–Human Interaction, 18(4), 16. https://doi.org/10.1145/2063231.2063232CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hiltz, S. R., & Plotnick, L. (2013). Dealing with information overload when using social media for emergency management: Emerging solutions. In Comes, T., Fiedrich, F., Fortier, S., Geldermann, J., & Müller, T. (Eds.), Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM) (pp. 823827). ISCRAM Digital Library. http://idl.iscram.org/files/hiltz/2013/583_Hiltz+Plotnick2013.pdfGoogle Scholar
Hughes, A. L., & Palen, L. (2009). Twitter adoption and use in mass convergence and emergency events. International Journal of Emergency Management, 6(3-4), 248260. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEM.2009.031564CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hughes, A. L., & Palen, L. (2012). The evolving role of the public information officer: An examination of social media in emergency management. Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management, 9(1), Article 22. https://doi.org/10.1515/1547-7355.1976CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hughes, A. L., & Palen, L. (2014). Social media in emergency management: Academic perspective. In Trainor, J. E. & Subbio, T. (Eds.), Critical issues in disaster science and management: A dialogue between scientists and emergency managers. Federal Emergency Management Agency.Google Scholar
Hughes, A. L., St. Denis, L. A., Palen, L., & Anderson, K. M. (2014). Online public communications by police & fire services during the 2012 Hurricane Sandy. In Proceedings of the Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI) (pp. 15051514). ACM. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1145/2556288.2557227Google Scholar
Hughes, A. L., & Tapia, A. H. (2015). Social media in crisis: When professional responders meet digital volunteers. Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management, 12(3), 679706. https://doi.org/10.1515/jhsem-2014-0080CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Imran, M., Castillo, C., Diaz, F., & Vieweg, S. (2015). Processing social media messages in mass emergency: A survey. ACM computing surveys (Vol. 47). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/2771588CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Imran, M., Castillo, C., Diaz, F., & Vieweg, S. (2018). Processing social media messages in mass emergency: Survey summary. In Companion Proceedings of the The Web Conference 2018 (WWW’18) (pp. 507511). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3184558.3186242Google Scholar
Imran, M., Ofli, F., Caragea, D., & Torralba, A. (2020). Using AI and social media multimodal content for disaster response and management: Opportunities, challenges, and future directions. Information Processing and Management, 57(5), 19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2020.102261CrossRefGoogle Scholar
International Association of Chiefs of Police. (2010). 2010 Social Media Survey Results. www.iacpsocialmedia.org/Portals/1/documents/Survey%20Results%20Document.pdfGoogle Scholar
International Association of Chiefs of Police. (2015). 2015 Social Media Survey Results. Retrieved from www.iacpsocialmedia.org/Portals/1/documents/FULL%202015%20Social%20Media%20Survey%20Results.pdfGoogle Scholar
Johansson, F., Brynielsson, J., & Quijano, M. N. (2012). Estimating Citizen Alertness in Crises Using Social Media Monitoring and Analysis. 2012 European Intelligence and Security Informatics Conference, 189196. https://doi.org/10.1109/EISIC.2012.23CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaewkitipong, L., Chen, C., & Ractham, P. (2012). Lessons learned from the use of social media in combating a crisis: A case study of 2011 Thailand flooding disaster. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS) (pp. 1–17). AIS Electronic Library (AISeL). https://aisel.aisnet.org/icis2012/proceedings/ProjectManagement/8/Google Scholar
Kaplan, A. M., & Haenlein, M. (2010). Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of social media. Business Horizons, 53(1), 5968. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2009.09.003CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaufhold, M.-A. (2020). Information refinement technologies for crisis informatics: User expectations and design implications for social media and mobile apps in crises. Dissertation (Dr. rer. nat.), Technische Universität Darmstadt.Google Scholar
Kaufhold, M.-A., Bayer, M., & Reuter, C. (2020). Rapid relevance classification of social media posts in disasters and emergencies: A system and evaluation featuring active, incremental and online learning. Information Processing and Management, 57(1), 132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2019.102132CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaufhold, M.-A., Gizikis, A., Reuter, C., Habdank, M., & Grinko, M. (2019). Avoiding chaotic use of social media before, during, and after emergencies: Design and evaluation of citizens’ guidelines. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 27(3), 198213. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.12249CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaufhold, M.-A., & Reuter, C. (2014). Vernetzte Selbsthilfe in Sozialen Medien am Beispiel des Hochwassers 2013 / Linked self-help in social media using the example of the floods 2013 in Germany. I-Com – Zeitschrift Für Interaktive Und Kooperative Medien, 13(1), 2028. https://doi.org/10.1515/icom.2014.0004Google Scholar
Kaufhold, M.-A., & Reuter, C. (2016). The self-organization of digital volunteers across social media: The case of the 2013 European floods in Germany. Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management, 13(1), 137166. https://doi.org/10.1515/jhsem-2015-0063CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaufhold, M.-A., & Reuter, C. (2017). The impact of social media in emergencies: A case study with the fire department of Frankfurt. In Tina, Comes, Bénaben, F., Hanachi, C., & Lauras, M. (Eds.), Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM) (pp. 603612). ISCRAM. Retrieved from http://idl.iscram.org/files/marc-andrekaufhold/2017/1494_Marc-AndreKaufhold+ChristianReuter2017.pdfGoogle Scholar
Kaufhold, M.-A., & Reuter, C. (2019). Cultural violence and peace in social media. In Reuter, C. (Ed.), Information technology for peace and security – IT applications and infrastructures in conflicts, crises, war, and peace (pp. 361381). Springer Vieweg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-25652-4_17Google Scholar
Kaufhold, M.-A., Rupp, N., Reuter, C., Amelunxen, C., & Cristaldi, M. (2018). 112.SOCIAL: Design and evaluation of a mobile crisis app for bidirectional communication between emergency services and citizens. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS). AIS Electronic Library (AISeL). Retrieved from https://aisel.aisnet.org/ecis2018_rp/81/Google Scholar
Kaufhold, M.-A., Rupp, N., Reuter, C., & Habdank, M. (2020). Mitigating information overload in social media during conflicts and crises: Design and evaluation of a cross-platform alerting system. Behaviour & Information Technology (BIT), 39(3), 319342.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keim, D., Andrienko, G., Fekete, J., Carsten, G., & Melan, G. (2008). Visual analytics: Definition, process and challenges. In Kerren, A., Stasko, J. T., Fekete, JD., North, C. (Eds.), Information visualization – Human-centered issues and perspectives (pp. 154175). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-70956-5_7CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kircher, F. (2014). Ungebundene Helfer im Katastrophenschutz – Die Sicht der Behörden und Organisationen mit Sicherheitsaufgaben. BRANDSchutz – Deutsche Feuerwehr-Zeitung, 593597.Google Scholar
Koch, M. (2008). CSCW and Enterprise 2.0 – Towards an integrated perspective. In Proceedings of the Bled eConference. AIS Electronic Library (AISeL). https://aisel.aisnet.org/bled2008/15/Google Scholar
Kogan, M., Anderson, J., Palen, L., Anderson, K. M., & Soden, R. (2016). Finding the way to OSM mapping practices: Bounding large crisis datasets for qualitative investigation. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 2783–2795). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/2858036.2858371Google Scholar
Landesberger, T. Von, Kuijper, A., Schreck, T., Kohlhammer, J., Wijk, J. Van, Fekete, J.-D., & Fellner, D. (2011). Visual analysis of large graphs: State-of-the-art and future research challenges. Computer Graphics Forum, 30(6), 17191749. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8659.2011.01898.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Latonero, M., & Shklovski, I. (2011). Emergency management, Twitter, and social media evangelism. International Journal of Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, 3(4), 116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ley, B., Ludwig, T., Pipek, V., Randall, D., Reuter, C., & Wiedenhoefer, T. (2014). Information and expertise sharing in inter-organizational crisis management. Computer Supported Cooperative Work: The Journal of Collaborative Computing, 23(4–6), 347387.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ludwig, T., Kotthaus, C., Reuter, C., Dongen, S. Van, Pipek, V., van Dongen, S., & Pipek, V. (2016). Situated crowdsourcing during disasters: Managing the tasks of spontaneous volunteers through public displays. International Journal on Human-Computer Studies. In press.Google Scholar
Mendoza, M., Poblete, B., & Castillo, C. (2010). Twitter under crisis: Can we trust what we RT? In Proceedings of the First Workshop on Social Media Analytics (pp. 71–79). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/1964858.1964869Google Scholar
Miller, G. A. (1956). The magical number seven, plus or minus two: some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychological Review. American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0043158CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mirbabaie, M., Bunker, D., Stieglitz, S., & Deubel, A. (2020). Who sets the tone? Determining the impact of convergence behaviour archetypes in social media crisis communication. Information Systems Frontiers, 22(2), 339351. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-019-09917-xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mirbabaie, M., Bunker, D., Stieglitz, S., Marx, J., & Ehnis, C. (2020). Social media in times of crisis: Learning from Hurricane Harvey for the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic response. Journal of Information Technology, 35(3), 195213. https://doi.org/10.1177/0268396220929258CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moi, M., Friberg, T., Marterer, R., Reuter, C., Ludwig, T., Markham, D., … & Muddiman, A. (2015). Strategy for processing and analyzing social media data streams in emergencies. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies for Disaster Management (ICT-DM) (pp. 1–7). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICT-DM.2015.7402055Google Scholar
O’Reilly, T. (2007). What is Web 2.0? Design patterns and business models for the next generation of software. International Journal of Digital Economics, 65(March), 1737.Google Scholar
Oliveira, M., & Gama, J. (2012). An overview of social network analysis. WIREs Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, 2, 99115. https://doi.org/10.1002/widm.1048CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Olteanu, A., Vieweg, S., & Castillo, C. (2015). What to expect when the unexpected happens: Social media communications across crises. In Proceedings of the 18th ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing (pp. 9941009). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/2675133.2675242Google Scholar
Onorati, T., Díaz, P., & Carrion, B. (2018). From social networks to emergency operation centers: A semantic visualization approach. Future Generation Computer Systems. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2018.01.052CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Palen, L. (2020). Crisis Informatics: Human-Centered Research on Tech & Crises – A Guided Bibliography Developed by Crisis Informatics Researchers. Retrieved from https://docs.google.com/document/d/1g6I8Br3vTC04iXVHFTee6arKVld89x9bGvSEeN_NaPU/editGoogle Scholar
Palen, L., & Anderson, K. M. (2016). Crisis informatics: New data for extraordinary times. Science, 353(6296), 224225. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aag2579CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Palen, L., & Hughes, A. L. (2018). Social media in disaster communication. In Rodríguez, H., Donner, W., & Trainor, J. E. (Eds.), Handbook of disaster research (pp. 497518). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63254-4_24CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Palen, L., & Liu, S. B. (2007). Citizen communications in crisis: Anticipating a future of ICT-supported public participation. In Proceedings of the Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI) (pp. 727736). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/1240624.1240736Google Scholar
Palen, L., Vieweg, S., Liu, S. B., & Hughes, A. L. (2009). Crisis in a networked world: Features of computer-mediated communication in the April 16, 2007, Virginia Tech Event. Social Science Computer Review, 27(4), 467480. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894439309332302CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pang, B., & Lee, L. (2008). Opinion mining and sentiment analysis. Foundations and Trends in Information Retrieval, 2(1–2), 1135.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perng, S.-Y., Büscher, M., Wood, L., Halvorsrud, R., Stiso, M., Ramirez, L., & Al-Akkad, A. (2012). Peripheral response: Microblogging during the 22/7/2011 Norway attacks. In Rothkrantz, L., Ristvej, J., & Franco, Z. (Eds.), Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM) (pp. 111). ISCRAM Digital Library. http://idl.iscram.org/files/perng/2012/187_Perng_etal2012.pdfGoogle Scholar
Pipek, V., Liu, S. B., & Kerne, A. (2014). Special issue: Crisis informatics and collaboration. Computer Supported Cooperative Work, 23(4–6).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pipek, V., Reuter, C., Ley, B., Ludwig, T., & Wiedenhoefer, T. (2013). Sicherheitsarena – Ein Ansatz zur Verbesserung des Krisenmanagements durch Kooperation und Vernetzung. Crisis Prevention – Fachmagazin Für Innere Sicherheit, Bevölkerungsschutz Und Katastrophenhilfe, 3(1), 5859.Google Scholar
Plotnick, L., & Hiltz, S. R. (2016). Barriers to use of social media by emergency managers. Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management, 13(2), 247277. https://doi.org/10.1515/jhsem-2015-0068CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Plotnick, L., Hiltz, S. R., Kushma, J. A., & Tapia, A. (2015). Red tape: Attitudes and issues related to use of social media by U.S. county-level emergency managers. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM). ISCRAM Digital Library. http://idl.iscram.org/files/lindaplotnick/2015/1225_LindaPlotnick_etal2015.pdfGoogle Scholar
Pohl, D. (2013). Social Media Analysis for Crisis Management: A Brief Survey. Retrieved May 25, 2014, from http://stcsn.ieee.net/e-letter/vol-2-no-1/social-media-analysis-for-crisis-management-a-brief-surveyGoogle Scholar
Pohl, D., Bouchachia, A., & Hellwagner, H. (2015). Social media for crisis management: Clustering approaches for sub-event detection. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 74(11), 39013932. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-013-1804-2CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Purohit, H., Hampton, A., Bhatt, S., Shalin, V. L., Sheth, A. P., & Flach, J. M. (2014). Identifying seekers and suppliers in social media communities to support crisis coordination. Computer Supported Cooperative Work: The Journal of Collaborative Computing, 23(4–6), 513545.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qu, Y., Huang, C., Zhang, P., & Zhang, J. (2011). Microblogging after a major disaster in China: A case study of the 2010 Yushu earthquake. In Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) (pp. 2534). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/1958824.1958830Google Scholar
Qu, Y., Wu, P. F., & Wang, X. (2009). Online community response to major disaster: A study of Tianya Forum in the 2008 Sichuan earthquake. In Proceedings of the Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2009.330Google Scholar
Quarantelli, E. L. (1984). Emergent citizen groups in disaster preparedness and recovery activities. Final project report. University of Delaware Press.Google Scholar
Quarantelli, E. L. (1995). Emergent behaviors and groups in the crisis time of disasters. University of Delaware, Disaster Research Center.Google Scholar
Quarantelli, E. L., & Dynes, R. R. (1977). Response to social crisis and disaster. Annual Review of Sociology, 3(1), 2349. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.so.03.080177.000323CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rao, R., Plotnick, L., & Hiltz, S. R. (2017). Supporting the use of social media by emergency managers: Software tools to overcome information overload. In Proceedings of the 50th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS). AIS Digital Library (AISel). https://aisel.aisnet.org/hicss-50/cl/crisis_and_disaster_management/9/Google Scholar
Reuter, C. (2014). Emergent collaboration infrastructures: Technology design for inter-organizational crisis management. PhD Thesis. Siegen, Germany.Google Scholar
Reuter, C., Amelunxen, C., & Moi, M. (2016). Semi-automatic alerts and notifications for emergency services based on cross-platform social media data – Evaluation of a prototype. In Mayr, H. C. & Pinzger, M. (Eds.), Informatik 2016: von Menschen für Menschen. GI-Edition-Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI).Google Scholar
Reuter, C., Backfried, G., Kaufhold, M.-A., & Spahr, F. (2018). ISCRAM turns 15: A trend analysis of social media papers 2004–2017. In Boersma, K. & Tomaszewski, B. (Eds.), Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM). ISCRAM Digital Library. Retrieved from http://idl.iscram.org/files/christianreuter/2018/2122_ChristianReuter_etal2018.pdfGoogle Scholar
Reuter, C., Heger, O., & Pipek, V. (2013). Combining real and virtual volunteers through social media. In Comes, T., Fiedrich, F., Fortier, S., Geldermann, J., & Müller, T. (Eds.), Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM) (pp. 780790). ISCRAM Digital Library. http://idl.iscram.org/files/reuter/2013/874_Reuter_etal2013.pdfGoogle Scholar
Reuter, C., Hughes, A. L., & Kaufhold, M.-A. (2018). Social media in crisis management: An evaluation and analysis of crisis informatics research. International Journal on Human–Computer Interaction, 34(4), 280294. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2018.1427832CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reuter, C., & Kaufhold, M.-A. (2018). Fifteen years of social media in emergencies: A retrospective review and future directions for crisis informatics. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 26(1), 4157. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.12196CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reuter, C., Kaufhold, M. A., Schmid, S., Spielhofer, T., & Hahne, A. S. (2019). The impact of risk cultures: Citizens’ perception of social media use in emergencies across Europe. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 148(119724). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2019.119724CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reuter, C., Kaufhold, M. A., Spahr, F., Spielhofer, T., & Hahne, A. S. (2020). Emergency service staff and social media – A comparative empirical study of the attitude by emergency services staff in Europe in 2014 and 2017. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 46(101516). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101516CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reuter, C., Kaufhold, M.-A., Spielhofer, T., & Hahne, A. S. (2017). Social media in emergencies: A representative study on citizens’ perception in Germany. Proceedings of the ACM: Human–Computer Interaction (PACM): Computer-Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing, 1(2), 119. https://doi.org/10.1145/3134725Google Scholar
Reuter, C., Ludwig, T., Kaufhold, M.-A., & Pipek, V. (2015). XHELP: Design of a cross-platform social-media application to support volunteer moderators in disasters. In Proceedings of the Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI) (pp. 40934102). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/2702123.2702171Google Scholar
Reuter, C., Ludwig, T., Kaufhold, M.-A., & Spielhofer, T. (2016). Emergency services attitudes towards social media: A quantitative and qualitative survey across Europe. International Journal on Human-Computer Studies, 95, 96111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2016.03.005CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reuter, C., Marx, A., & Pipek, V. (2011). Social software as an infrastructure for crisis management – A case study about current practice and potential usage. In Santos, M. A., Sousa, L., & Portela, E. (Eds.), Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM). ISCRAM Digital Library. http://idl.iscram.org/files/reuter/2011/876_Reuter_etal2011.pdfGoogle Scholar
Reuter, C., Marx, A., & Pipek, V. (2012). Crisis management 2.0: Towards a systematization of social software use in crisis situations. International Journal of Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, 4(1), 116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reuter, C., Mentler, T., & Geisler, S. (2015). Special issue on human computer interaction in critical systems I: Citizen and volunteers. International Journal of Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, 7(2), 1–80.Google Scholar
Reuter, C., & Scholl, S. (2014). Technical limitations for designing applications for social media. In Koch, M., Butz, A., & Schlichter, J. (Eds.), Mensch & Computer: Workshopband (pp. 131140). Oldenbourg-Verlag.Google Scholar
Reuter, C., & Spielhofer, T. (2017). Towards social resilience: A quantitative and qualitative survey on citizens’ perception of social media in emergencies in Europe. Journal Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 121, 168180.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reuter, C., Stieglitz, S., & Imran, M. (2020). Social media in conflicts and crises. Behaviour and Information Technology, 39(3), 241251. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2019.1629025CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ritter, A., Clark, S., Mausam, & O. E. (2011). Named entity recognition in tweets: An experimental study. In Merlo, P., Barzilay, R., & Johnson, M. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP) (pp. 15241534). Association for Computational Linguistics.Google Scholar
Romero, C., Olmo, J. L., & Ventura, S. (2013). A meta-learning approach for recommending a subset of white-box classification algorithms for Moodle datasets. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Educational Data Mining (EDM) (pp. 268–271). International Educational Data Mining Society. https://educationaldatamining.org/EDM2013/proceedings/paper_3.pdfGoogle Scholar
Rudra, K., Ganguly, N., Goyal, P., & Ghosh, S. (2018). Extracting and summarizing situational information from the Twitter social media during disasters. ACM Transactions on the Web, 12(3), 135. https://doi.org/10.1145/3178541CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rudra, K., Ghosh, S., Ganguly, N., Goyal, P., & Ghosh, S. (2015). Extracting situational information from microblogs during disaster events: A classification-summarization approach. In Proceedings of the 24th ACM International on Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (pp. 583592). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/2806416.2806485CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sakaki, T., Okazaki, M., & Matsuo, Y. (2010). Earthquake shakes Twitter users: real-time event detection by social sensors. In WWW’10: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on World Wide Web (851). https://doi.org/10.1145/1772690.1772777CrossRefGoogle Scholar
San, Y., Wardell, C. III, & Thorkildsen, Z. (2013). Social Media in the Emergency Management Field: 2012 Survey Results. Retrieved from www.cna.org/sites/default/files/research/SocialMedia_EmergencyManagement.pdfGoogle Scholar
Shneiderman, B. (1996). The eyes have it: A task by data type taxonomy for information visualizations. In Proceedings 1996 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages (pp. 1–8). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/VL.1996.545307Google Scholar
St. Denis, L. A., Hughes, A. L., & Palen, L. (2012). Trial by fire: The deployment of trusted digital volunteers in the 2011 Shadow Lake Fire. In Rothkrantz, L., Ristvej, J., & Franco, Z. (Eds.), Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM) (pp. 110). ISCRAM.Google Scholar
Stallings, R. A., & Quarantelli, E. L. (1985). Emergent citizen groups and emergency management. Public Administration Review, 45(Special Issue), 93100. https://doi.org/10.2307/3135003CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Starbird, K., Arif, A., & Wilson, T. (2019). Disinformation as collaborative work: Surfacing the participatory nature of strategic information operations. Proceedings of the ACM on Human–Computer Interaction (CSCW), 3, 126. https://doi.org/10.1145/3359229CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Starbird, K., & Palen, L. (2011). Voluntweeters: Self-organizing by digital volunteers in times of crisis. In Proceedings of the Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI) (pp. 10711080). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/1978942.1979102Google Scholar
Starbird, K., & Palen, L. (2012). (How) will the revolution be retweeted? Information diffusion and the 2011 Egyptian uprising. In Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) (pp. 716). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/2145204.2145212Google Scholar
Starbird, K., Palen, L., Hughes, A. L., & Vieweg, S. (2010). Chatter on the red: What hazards threat reveals about the social life of microblogged information. In Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) (pp. 241250). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/1718918.1718965Google Scholar
Statista. (2020). Most popular social networks worldwide as of July 2020, ranked by number of active users. Retrieved August 25, 2020, from www.statista.com/statistics/272014/global-social-networks-ranked-by-number-of-users/Google Scholar
Stieglitz, S., Dang-Xuan, L., Bruns, A., & Neuberger, C. (2014). Social media analytics: An interdisciplinary approach and its implications for information systems. Business and Information Systems Engineering, 6(2), 8996. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-014-0315-7CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stieglitz, S., Mirbabaie, M., Fromm, J., & Melzer, S. (2018). The adoption of social media analytics for crisis management – Challenges and opportunities. In Proceedings of the 26th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS). AIS Electronic Library (AISeL). https://aisel.aisnet.org/ecis2018_rp/4/Google Scholar
Stieglitz, S., Mirbabaie, M., Ross, B., & Neuberger, C. (2018). Social media analytics – Challenges in topic discovery, data collection, and data preparation. International Journal of Information Management, 39, 156168. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2017.12.002CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sutton, J. (2010). Twittering Tennessee: Distributed networks and collaboration following a technological disaster. In French, S., Tomaszewski, B., & Zobel, C. (Eds.), Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM). ISCRAM Digital Library. http://idl.iscram.org/files/sutton/2010/987_Sutton2010.pdfGoogle Scholar
Valecha, R., Oh, O., & Rao, R. (2013). An exploration of collaboration over time in collective crisis response during the Haiti 2010 earthquake. In Baskerville, R. & Chau, M. (Eds.), Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS) (pp. 110). AIS Electronic Library (AISeL). Retrieved from https://aisel.aisnet.org/icis2013/proceedings/ResearchInProgress/96/Google Scholar
van Gorp, A. F. (2014). Integration of volunteer and technical communities into the humanitarian aid sector: Barriers to collaboration. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM) (pp. 620–629). ISCRAM Digital Library. http://idl.iscram.org/files/vangorp/2014/1042_VanGorp2014.pdfGoogle Scholar
Vieweg, S., Hughes, A. L., Starbird, K., & Palen, L. (2010). Microblogging during two natural hazards events: What Twitter may contribute to situational awareness. In Proceedings of the Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI) (pp. 10791088). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/1753326.1753486Google Scholar
Viviani, M., & Pasi, G. (2017). Credibility in social media: Opinions, news, and health information – A survey. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, 7(5), e1209--n/a. https://doi.org/10.1002/widm.1209Google Scholar
White, J. I., Palen, L., & Anderson, K. M. (2014). Digital mobilization in disaster response: The work & self – organization of on-line pet advocates in response to Hurricane Sandy. In Fussell, S. R., Lutters, W. G., Morris, M. R., & Reddy, M. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) (pp. 866876). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/2531602.2531633Google Scholar
White, C., Plotnick, L., Kushma, J., Hiltz, S. R., & Turoff, M. (2009). An online social network for emergency management. International Journal of Emergency Management, 6(3/4), 369382.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilensky, H. (2014). Twitter as a navigator for stranded commuters during the Great East Japan earthquake. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM) (pp. 695–704). ISCRAM Digital Library. http://idl.iscram.org/files/wilensky/2014/1091_Wilensky2014.pdfGoogle Scholar
Wukich, C. (2015). Social media use in emergency management. Journal of Emergency Management, 13(4), 281294. https://doi.org/10.5055/jem.2015.0242CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zade, H., Shah, K., Rangarajan, V., Kshirsagar, P., Imran, M., & Starbird, K. (2018). From situational awareness to actionability: Towards improving the utility of social media data for crisis response. In Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction. ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3274464Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×