Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T09:01:09.746Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

30 - Definitions of Self-Esteem across CBT and REBT Literature

from Part Seven - Future Developments

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 January 2022

By
Jodie Paget ,
Rhena Branch  and
Michael Townend
Edited by
Gillian Todd  and
Rhena Branch
Gillian Todd
Affiliation:
University of East Anglia
Rhena Branch
Affiliation:
University of East Anglia
Get access

Summary

This chapter discusses how self-esteem is currently defined across common CBT and REBT literature. It aims to establish if there is a clear consensus as to what constitutes low, healthy, and high self-esteem, and implications this may have on clinical practice. Definitions of self-esteem within the DSM-5 and ICD-10 are reviewed, as well as cognitive and affective models of self-esteem. Definitions of self-esteem differ widely both across CBT and REBT as well as within CBT and REBT. Definitions are inconsistent within the DSM-5 and ICD-10. Conflation of beliefs, emotions, and constructs of self-esteem occur across research and within CBT and REBT, but is less frequent in REBT. Inconsistencies are more prevalent within CBT literature, which may be problematic, as points of intervention may therefore differ depending on theoretical understanding and definition of constructs of self-esteem.

Keywords

self-esteemREBTCBTself-acceptanceself-depreciationself-efficacy
Type
Chapter
Information
Evidence-Based Treatment for Anxiety Disorders and Depression
A Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Compendium
 , pp. 643 - 666
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Recommended Reading

Branch, R., & Wilson, R. (2009). Boosting self-esteem for dummies. John Wiley and Sons [Kindle].Google Scholar
Burns, D. (1993). Ten days to great self-esteem: Ten easy steps to brighten your moods and discover the joy in everyday living. Random House Group [Kindle].Google Scholar
Dryden, W., & Branch, R. (2008). The fundamentals of rational emotive behaviour therapy: A training handbook (2nd ed.). Wiley.Google Scholar
Ellis, A. (2007a). The myth of self-esteem: How rational emotive behaviour therapy can change your life forever. Prometheus Books.Google Scholar
Hauck, P. (1991). Overcoming the rating game: Beyond self-love, beyond self-esteem. Sheldon Press.Google Scholar
Kernis, M. (Ed.). (2006). Self-esteem issues and answers: A sourcebook of current perspectives. Psychology Press [Kindle].Google Scholar

References

Abelson, R. P., & Rosenberg, M. J. (1958). Symbolic psycho-logic: A model of attitudinal cognition. Behavioural Science, 3(1), 1–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Association.Google Scholar
Baumeister, R., Heatherton, T., & Tice, D. (2003). When ego threat leads to self-regulation failure: Negative consequences of high self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64(1), 141–156.Google Scholar
Baumeister, R., Smart, L., & Boden, J. (1996). Relation of threatened egotism to violence and aggression: The dark side of high self-esteem. Psychological Review, 103(1), 5–33.Google Scholar
Beck, A. T. (1976). Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders. Penguin Group.Google Scholar
Beck, A. T., Rush, J. A., Shaw, B. F., & Emery, G. (1979). Cognitive therapy of depression. Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Beck, J. (2011). Cognitive behavior therapy: Basics and beyond. Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Branch, R., & Wilson, R. (2009). Boosting self-esteem for dummies. John Wiley and Sons [Kindle].Google Scholar
Branch, R., & Wilson, R. (2019). Cognitive behaviour therapy for dummies. John Wiley and Sons.Google Scholar
Briars, S. (2015). Brilliant cognitive behavioural therapy. Pearson Education.Google Scholar
Brown, J. (1993). Self-esteem and self-evaluations: Feeling is believing. In Suls, J. (Ed.), Psychological perspectives on the self (pp. 27–58). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
Brown, J. (1998). The self. McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Burns, D. (1993). Ten days to great self-esteem: Ten easy steps to brighten your moods and discover the joy in everyday living. Random House Group [Kindle].Google Scholar
Burns, D. (1999). The feeling good handbook. Penguin Group.Google Scholar
Crocker, J., & Wolfe, C. (2001). Contingencies of self-worth. Psychological Review, 108, 593–623.Google Scholar
Crocker, J., & Park, L. (2004). The costly pursuit of self-esteem. Psychological Bulletin, 130, 392–414.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dryden, W. (1999). How to accept yourself. Sheldon Press.Google Scholar
Dubois, D., & Flay, B. (2004). The healthy pursuit of self-esteem: Comment on and alternative to the Crocker and Park (2004) formulation. Psychological Bulletin, 130(3), 415–420.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ellis, A. (1994). Reason and emotion in psychotherapy: A comprehensive method of treating human disturbances. Citadel.Google Scholar
Ellis, A. (2001). Overcoming destructive beliefs and emotions. Prometheus Books.Google Scholar
Ellis, A. (2003). Similarities and differences between rational emotive behaviour therapy and cognitive therapy. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quarterly, 17(3), 225–240.Google Scholar
Ellis, A. (2007a). The myth of self-esteem: How rational emotive behaviour therapy can change your life forever. Prometheus Books.Google Scholar
Ellis, A. (2007b). Unconditionally accepting yourself. Albert Ellis Institute.Google Scholar
Fennell, M. (1997). Low self-esteem: A cognitive perspective. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 25, 1–25.Google Scholar
Fennell, M. (2016). Overcoming low self-esteem: A self-help guide using cognitive behavioural techniques. Constable and Robinson.Google Scholar
Fennell, M., & Jenkins, H. (2010). Low self-esteem. In Bennett-Levy, J. et al. (Eds.), Oxford guide to behaviour experiments in cognitive therapy (pp. 413–430). Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Harter, S. (1999). The construction of self: A developmental perspective. Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Hauck, P. (1991). Overcoming the rating game: Beyond self-love, beyond self-esteem. Sheldon Press.Google Scholar
Heatherton, T., & Polivy, J. (1991). Development and validation of a scale for measuring state self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 895–910.Google Scholar
Hyland, P., & Boduszek, D. (2012). Resolving and difference between cognitive therapy and rational emotive behavioural therapy: Toward the development of an integrated CBT model of psychopathology. Mental Health Review Journal, 17(2), 104–116.Google Scholar
James, W. (1890). The principles of psychology (vol. 1). Holt.Google Scholar
Kernis, M. (2003). Toward a conceptualisation of optimal self-esteem. Psychological Inquiry, 14(1), 1–26.Google Scholar
Kernis, M. (Ed.). (2006). Self-esteem issues and answers: A sourcebook of current perspectives. Psychology Press [Kindle].Google Scholar
Kernis, M., Grannemann, B., & Barclay, L. (1989). Stability and level of self- esteem as predictors of anger arousal and hostility. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56(6), 1013–1022.Google Scholar
Leary, M., & MacDonald, G. (2003). Individual differences in trait self-esteem: A theoretical integration. In Leary, M. & Tangney, J. (Eds.), Handbook of self and identity (pp. 401–418). Guilford Publications.Google Scholar
London, T. (1997). The case against self-esteem: Alternative philosophies that would raise the probability of pleasure and productive living. Journal of Rational Emotive and Behaviour Therapy, 15, 19–29.Google Scholar
Mruk, C. (2006a). Self-esteem research, theory, and practice: Toward a positive psychology of self-esteem. Springer.Google Scholar
Mruk, C. (2006b). Defining self-esteem: An often-overlooked issue with crucial implications. In Kernis, M. (Ed.), Self-esteem: Issues and answers, a sourcebook of current perspectives (loc. 630–769). Psychology Press [Kindle].Google Scholar
Mruk, C. (2013). Self-esteem and positive psychology: Research, theory and practice. Springer.Google Scholar
O’Mara, A. J., Marsh, H. W., Craven, R. G., & Debus, R. L. (2006). Do self-concept interventions make a difference? A synergistic blend of construct validation and meta-analysis. Educational Psychologist, 41(3), 181–206.Google Scholar
Padesky, C. (1990). Schema as self-prejudice. International Cognitive Therapy Newsletter, 6, 6–7.Google Scholar
Robinson, P., & Shaver, L. (1973). Measures of personality and social psychological attitudes. Academic Press.Google Scholar
Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosenberg, M., Schooler, C., Schoenbach, C., & Rosenberg, F. (1995). Global and specific self-esteem: Different concepts, different outcomes. American Sociological Review, 60, 141–156.Google Scholar
Stephenson, A. (ed.) (2010). Oxford dictionary of English. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Wells, L., & Marwell, G. (1976). Self-esteem: Its conceptualisations and measure. Sage Publications.Google Scholar
Westbrook, D., Kennerley, H., & Kirk, J. (2016). An introduction to cognitive behaviour therapy. Sage Publications.Google Scholar
WHO. (2016). International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems. www.who.int/classifications/icd/icdonlineversions/en/Google Scholar
Wilding, C., & Palmer, S. (2017). Beat low self-esteem with CBT. Hodder Education.Google Scholar
Woods, P. (1983). How to determine one’s value as a human being. Journal of Rational Emotive Therapy, 1(1), 29–31.Google Scholar
Zeigler-Hill, V. (2013). Self-esteem. Psychology Press.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×