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Chapter 17 - Ovarian cancer and masses

from Section 3 - Genitourinary concerns

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 December 2009

By
Jo Ann Rosenfeld
Edited by
Jo Ann Rosenfeld
Jo Ann Rosenfeld
Affiliation:
The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
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Summary

This chapter discusses the risk factors, clinical signs, evaluation, prevention and screening, and treatment of ovarian cancer and ovarian masses. Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecological malignancy and the fourth most common cause of cancer death in women. Advancing age is the greatest risk factor. Use of oral contraceptive pills reduces the risk of ovarian cancer by 30 to 60%. A review of women with ovarian cancer compared with women with breast cancer or no cancer found that most women with ovarian cancer complained of the four following groups of non-specific symptoms in the 1-3 months before diagnosis: abdominal pain (30%), abdominal swelling (16.5%), GI symptoms (8.4%), and pelvic pain (5.4%). Transvaginal sonography (TVS) is the examination of choice to establish the diagnosis. In menstruating women, pregnancy, pregnancy complications and functional cysts are the most common causes of ovarian masses.

Keywords

abnormal menstrual bleedingamenorrheamenorrhagiaosteoporosispolycystic ovary syndromePCOSoligomenorrheametrorrhagia
Type
Chapter
Information
Handbook of Women's Health , pp. 187 - 192
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2009

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