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Chapter 26 - Thyroid disorders

from Section 6 - Common medical problems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 December 2009

By
William J. Hueston
Edited by
Jo Ann Rosenfeld
Jo Ann Rosenfeld
Affiliation:
The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
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Summary

Thyroid disorders comprise a wide range of problems that affect the normal functioning of the thyroid gland. These conditions can be grouped into several large categories that include inflammatory diseases of the thyroid (that is, thyroiditis), autoimmune stimulation of the thyroid (Graves' disease), benign thyroid nodular diseases, and thyroid cancers. The risk of thyroid disease in women is 10 times higher than that in men. Thyroiditis encompasses a number of unrelated clinical conditions that involve either autoimmune, infectious, or unknown insults to the thyroid. Symptoms may include painless or tender enlargement of the thyroid, hyper- or hypothyroid symptoms, and even fever and other stigmata of invasive bacterial infections. About half of the patients with subclinical hypothyroidism have anti-thyroid antibodies present. Women with any question of hypothyroidism in pregnancy must be treated with adequate to high levels of thyroid replacement to prevent cretinism in the infant.

Keywords

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Chapter
Information
Handbook of Women's Health , pp. 297 - 306
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2009

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