Chapter 10 - Immunity to error through misidentification: what it is and where it comes from

Summary

There is primitive (non-derivative) immunity to error through misidentification (IEM), whenever the first person judgment is directly based upon an experience. The IEM comes from the fact that experiences are intrinsically first-personal. Of course, experiences need not represent the subject of experience; they need not be first-personal in that sense. Just as the content of our judgments, the content of one's experiences may but need not be about the subject herself. The feature that makes an experience (as opposed to a judgment) intrinsically first-personal is not its content, but its mode. Just as first-person judgments, demonstrative judgments can be either explicit or implicit. Immunity to error through misidentification follows from the unarticulated nature of the object in the implicit case, and is preserved when the object is made indexically explicit through Reflection.