Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T16:40:02.976Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 15 - A Brief History of Testing and Assessment in Oceania

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 July 2022

By
John O’Gorman ,
Ross St George  and
Peter Macqueen
Edited by
Sumaya Laher
Sumaya Laher
Affiliation:
University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg
Get access

Summary

Oceania comprises those islands scattered through the Pacific Ocean bounded by Australia and Papua New Guinea to the west, the Hawaiian Islands to the north, New Zealand to the south, and Easter Island to the east. Although there are many cultures and nations in Oceania, psychological assessment as practiced today developed mainly in Australia and New Zealand. The history of testing and assessment in the chapter on Oceania is thus a history of testing and assessment in Australia, in New Zealand, and in the islands that in the twentieth century fell into the sphere of influence of those two countries. The chapter on Oceania seeks to briefly sketch the development of testing and assessment, its successes, and its limitations.

Keywords

AotearoaAustraliaassessmenthistoryNew ZealandPapua New GuineaPacific islandspsychologypsychological assessment
Type
Chapter
Information
International Histories of Psychological Assessment , pp. 269 - 294
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adams, Y., Drew, N., & Walker, R. (2014). Principles of practice in mental health assessment with Aboriginal Australians. In Dudgeon, P., Milroy, H., & Walker, R. (eds.), Working together: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander mental health and wellbeing principles and practice (pp. 271–288). Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia.Google Scholar
Annan, J. (2011). Test use by educational psychologists in New Zealand. The IAAP Bulletin, 23(October), 4–6. Retrieved 21 August 2019 from https://iaapsy.org/site/assets/documents/october2011.pdf.Google Scholar
Bau, L. P. & Dyck, M. J. (1992). Predicting the peacetime performance of military officers: Officer selection in the Papua New Guinea defence force, South Pacific Journal of Psychology, 5, 27–37.Google Scholar
Beaglehole, E. (1957). Social change in the South Pacific. London: Allan and Unwin.Google Scholar
Bennett, M. (n.d.). Psychological testing for educational selection in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands colony. Psychological Assessment Unit: University of the South Pacific.Google Scholar
Berliner, A. (2014). A history of psychology in New Zealand: Early beginnings 1869–1929. (Master of Arts thesis, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand). Retrieved from https://ir.canterbury.ac.nz/handle/10092/10579" https://ir.canterbury.ac.nz/handle/10092/10579.Google Scholar
Besley, T. (2002). Over 40 years of guidance counselling: Specialist teachers in New Zealand schools 1959–2001. New Zealand Annual Review of Education, 11, 276–302.Google Scholar
Bibb, J., Baker, F. A., & M Ferran, K. S. (2016). A critical interpretive synthesis of the most commonly used self-report measures in Australian mental health research. Australasian Psychiatry, 24(5), 453–458.Google Scholar
Binsted, R. (1931). Education in the Cook Islands. In Jackson, P. M. (ed.) Māori and education (pp. 357–389). New Plymouth: Avery..Google Scholar
Birnbrauer, J. (1996). Development of clinical psychology in Australia. In Martin, P. R. & Birnbrauer, J. S (eds.), Clinical psychology: Profession and practice in Australia (pp. 21–51). Melbourne: Macmillan Education Australia.Google Scholar
Brooks, I. R. (1976). Cognitive ability assessment with two New Zealand ethnic groups. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 7(3), 347–356.Google Scholar
Bryson, J. & Hosken, C. (2005). What does it mean to be a culturally competent i/o psychologist in New Zealand? New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 34(2), 69–76.Google Scholar
Buchanan, R. (2012). Australia. In Baker, D. B. (ed.), Oxford handbook of the history of psychology (pp. 18–33). Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Bucklow, M. (1977). Applied psychology in Australia – the history. In Nixon, M. & Taft, R. (eds.), Psychology in Australia: Achievements and prospects. (pp. 23–34). Sydney: Pergamon.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chandra, S. (1977). Consultants report: Scholarship selection in the Republic of Nauru. Suva: Institute of Education: University of the South Pacific.Google Scholar
Clark, J. F. (1958). Psychology in the public service, business, and industry. Australian Journal of Psychology, 10(1), 30–41.Google Scholar
Connell, W. F. (1980). The Australian Council for Educational Research 1930 – 1980. Melbourne: ACER.Google Scholar
Connor, D. V. (1959). A child guidance clinic in a university setting. Australian Journal of Psychology, 11(2), 202–208.Google Scholar
Cook, P. H. (1942). Mental structure and the psychological field: Some Samoan observations. Character and Personality, 10, 296–308.Google Scholar
Cooke, S. (2000). A meeting of minds: The Australian Psychological Society and Australian Psychologists 1944–1994. Melbourne: The Australian Psychological Society.Google Scholar
Croft, C., (2002). The Assessment Resource Banks: From national testing to a school-based resource. New Zealand Annual Review of Education, 11, 229–243.Google Scholar
Davidson, G. (1995). Cognitive assessment of Indigenous Australians: Toward a multiaxial model. Australian Psychologist, 30(1), 30–34.Google Scholar
Davidson, P. & MacFarlane, D. (2009). Optimise the training outcomes of Indigenous prisoners through the valid, reliable, culture-fair assessment of their training potential with the Q Test. Retrieved from https://acea.org.au/wpcontent/uploads/2015/04/davidson-peter.pdf.Google Scholar
Dingwall, K. M., Pinkerton, J., & Lindeman, M. A. (2013). “People like numbers”: A descriptive study of cognitive assessment methods in clinical practice for Aboriginal Australians in the Northern Territory. BMC Psychiatry, 13, 42. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-244X/13/42.Google Scholar
Dudgeon, P., Rickwood, D., Garvey, D., & Gridley, H. (2014). A history of Indigenous psychology. In Dudgeon, P., Milroy, H., & Walker, R. (eds.), Working together: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander mental health and wellbeing principles and practice (pp. 39–54). Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia.Google Scholar
Dugdale, J. & Dunn, K. (2002). Patterns of use of psychological tests in New Zealand. Paper presented at the Inaugural International Test Users’ conference, Sydney, July3–5. https://www.nzcer.org.nz/system/files/12579.pdf.Google Scholar
Eatwell, J. & Wilson, I. (2016). The effective use of psychometric assessments in decision-making. In Waitoki, W. W., Roberstson, N. R., Feather, J. S., & Rucklidge (eds.), J. J.. Professional practice of psychology in Aotearoa New Zealand (pp. 405–419). Wellington: New Zealand Psychological Society.Google Scholar
Flynn, J. R. (1987). Massive IQ gains in fourteen nations: What IQ tests really measure. Psychological Bulletin, 101(2), 171–191.Google Scholar
Ford, C. T. (1957). Report on an investigation into the selection of pupils for secondary schools in the Kingdom of Tonga. Dunedin: University of Otago.Google Scholar
Furbish, D. (2012). An overview of New Zealand career development services. Australian Journal of Career Development, 21(2), 14–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guenhole, N., Englert, P., & Taylor, P. J. (2003). Ethnic group differences in cognitive ability test scores with a New Zealand applicant sample. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 32(1), 49–54.Google Scholar
Haig, B. D. & Marie, D. (2012). New Zealand. In Baker, D. B. (ed.), The Oxford handbook of the history of psychology: Global perspectives (pp. 1–32). Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Haitana, T., Pitama, S., & Rucklidge, J. J. (2010). Cultural biases in the Peabody picture vocabulary test-III: Testing Tamariki in a New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 39(3), 24–33.Google Scholar
Hartshorne, M. & Kirby, N. (1998). Australian personnel managers and organisational psychology: An update. Australian Psychologist, 33(2), 148–154.Google Scholar
Harwood, T. B. & Thomas, E. A. (1973). Findings on the form 2 school selection test: British Solomon Islands protectorate. New Guinea Psychologist, 5(3), 90–95.Google Scholar
Hawkes, B., Cek, I., & Handler, C. (2018). The gamification of employee selection tools: An exploration of viability, utility, and future directions. In Scott, J. C., Bartram, D., & Reynolds, D. H. (eds.), Next generation technology-enhanced assessment: Global perspectives on occupational and workplace testing (pp. 288–313). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Hearnshaw, L. S. (1948). Industrial psychology in New Zealand. Occupational Psychology, 22, 1–6. In St. George, R. (1979). Beginnings of psychology in New Zealand: A collection of historical documents and recollections. Delta research monograph, no. 2. Palmerston, North: Dept. of Education, Massey University..Google Scholar
Hicks, R. E. (1969). Psychological tests in the British Solomons: A trial run, December 1968. New Guinea Psychologist, 1, 32–34.Google Scholar
Hicks, R. E. (1981). Comments in St George and Preston’s “Psychological Testing in Papua and New Guinea: A critical appraisal of the work of the Psychological Services Branch.” Australian Psychologist, 2(16), 275–277.Google Scholar
Hicks, R. E. (1991). Psychological testing in Australia in the 1990s. Asia Pacific Human Resource Management, 29(1), 94–101.Google Scholar
Hong Tiy, F. & Beveridge, P. (1978). Report on an Investigation into the establishment of the South Pacific board for educational cooperation. Suva: Department of Education.Google Scholar
Howe, M. A. & Craig, J. D. (1970). Survey of psychological tests as predictors of training and job success. Personnel Practice Bulletin, 26(4), 246–252.Google Scholar
Hutton, M. A. (1981). Letter to the Editor. Australian Psychologist, 16(2)281.Google Scholar
Inkson, K. (1987). Organisational behaviour: A review of the New Zealand research. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 16(1), 9–27.Google Scholar
Inkson, K. & Paterson, J. (1993). Organisational behaviour in New Zealand 1987–92: A review. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 22(1), 54–66.Google Scholar
International Project on Core Competences. (2016). International Declaration on Core Competences in Professional Psychology. Retrieved from https://www.psykologforeningen.no/foreningen/english/ipcp.Google Scholar
International Test Commission. (2018). ITC guidelines for translating and adapting tests (2nf ed.) International Journal of Testing, 18(2), 101–134.Google Scholar
Jackson, P. M. (1998). The mind of a nation: A philosophical and historical critique of psychology in New Zealand (Ph.D. thesis, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand). https://mro.massey.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10179/1308/02_whole.pdf;sequence=1.Google Scholar
Jenkinson, J. C. (2006). A history of Learning Difficulties Australia: Part 1. Australian Journal of Learning Difficulties, 11(1), 45–53.Google Scholar
Kantrowitz, T. M., Tuzinski, K. A., & Raines, J. M. (2018). 2018 Global assessment trends. New York: SHL.Google Scholar
Kearney, G. E. (1966). Some aspects of the general cognitive ability of various groups of Aboriginal Australians as assessed by the Queensland test (Doctoral dissertation, Brisbane: University of Queensland).Google Scholar
Kearney, G. E. & McElwain, D. W. (1976). Aboriginal cognition: Retrospect and prospect. Canberra, Australia: Institute of Aboriginal Affairs.Google Scholar
Keats, J. & Keats, D. (1988). Human assessment in Australia. In Irvine, S. H & Berry, J. W. (eds.), Human abilities in cultural context (pp. 283–297). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kendall, T. (2008). Within China’s orbit? China through the eyes of the Australian parliament. Commonwealth of Australia. Canberra: Australian Parliament House. https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments./Parliamentary_Library/pubs/APF/monographs/Within_Chinas_Orbit/ChapteroneGoogle Scholar
Laurie, H. (1966). Out of the past. Australian Psychologist, 1(1), 39–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lovibond, S. H. & Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Manual for the depression, anxiety, stress scales (2nd ed.). Sydney: Psychological Foundation.Google Scholar
Ma’ai’a, F. (1958). An examination of the practicability of adapting the Otis Intelligence Tests for use in selecting Samoan students for Post-Primary study (Dip. Ed. paper, Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington).Google Scholar
Macfarlane, A. H., Blampied, N. M., & Macfarlane, S. H. (2011). Blending the clinical and cultural: A framework for conducting formal psychological assessment in bicultural settings. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 40(2), 5–15.Google Scholar
Mann, C. W. (1935). Fiji test of general ability and handbook. Suva: Fiji Government Printer. Cited in Ord, I. G. (1977). Australian psychology and Australia’s neighbours. In Nixon, M. & Taft, R. (eds.) Psychology in Australia: Achievements and prospects (pp. 252–285). Sydney: Pergamon.Google Scholar
Mann, C. W. (1939). A test of general ability in Fiji. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 54, 435–454. In M. Nixon & R. Taft (eds.) Psychology in Australia: Achievements and prospects (pp. 252–285). Sydney: Pergamon.Google Scholar
Marai, L. (1997). The development of psychology in Papua New Guinea: A brief review. South Pacific Journal of Psychology, 9, 1–6.Google Scholar
Marai, L. (2016). Industrial and organizational psychology in Papua New Guinea. TIP: The Industrial-Organizational Psychologist. Retrieved from http://www.siop.org/tip/Apr13/16_Spotlight.aspx.Google Scholar
McElwain, D. W. (1965). Field study in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands. Brisbane: University of Queensland.Google Scholar
McElwain, D. W. & Kearney, G. E. (1970). Queensland test handbook. Melbourne: ACERGoogle Scholar
McElwain, D. W., Kearney, G. E., & Ord, I., (1967). The Queensland test. Melbourne: ACER.Google Scholar
McMahon, D. J. (1968). The ACER arithmetic tests: Western Samoan standardization. Apia: Teachers’ Training College.Google Scholar
Milne, M. (2005). Māori perspectives on Kaupapa Māori and psychology: A discussion paper. Report to the NZ Psychologists Board. Retrieved from http://www.pbanz.org.nz/docs/KAUPAPA%20MĀORI%20AND%20PSYCHOLOGY1%20Moe%20Milnes%20Report_doc1.pdf.Google Scholar
Mitchell, F. W. (1954). A note on the university of Otago child guidance clinic. Australian Journal of Psychology, 6(1), 94–96.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mitchell, F. W. (1956) A study of 90 cases of delinquency. Australian Journal of Psychology, 8(1), 47–60.Google Scholar
Naylor, F. D., Elsworth, G. R., & Day, N. A. (1985). Careers guidance and counselling in Australia, Canberra: Commonwealth department of education monograph. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service.Google Scholar
NZPsS. (2002). The code of ethics for psychologists working in Aotearoa/New Zealand. Wellington: NZPsS.Google Scholar
Ogden, J. A. & McFarlane-Nathan, G. (1997). Cultural bias in the neuropsychological assessment of young Māori men. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 26(2), 2–12.Google Scholar
O’Gorman, J. G. & Carstairs, J. (1988). Selection practices in the Australian Public Service. Paper presented in the Symposium on Staff Selection Practices in Large organisations, XXIV Congress of Psychology, Sydney, September.Google Scholar
O’Neil, W. M. (1987). A century of psychology in Australia. Sydney: Sydney University Press.Google Scholar
O’Neil, W. M. (1984). Recent criticisms of group ability testing in the schools. Australian Psychologist, 19(3), 271–274.Google Scholar
Opoliner, A., Blacker, D., Fitzmaurice, G., & Becker, A. (2014). Challenges in assessing depressive symptoms in Fiji: a psychometric evaluation of the CES-D. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 60(4), 367–376.Google Scholar
Ord, I. G. (1966). Psychological Services in Papua New Guinea. Australian Psychologist, 1(2), 100–105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ord, I. G. (1977). Australian psychology and Australia’s neighbours. In Nixon, M. & Taft, R. (eds.), Psychology in Australia: Achievements and prospects. (pp. 252–284). Sydney: Pergamon.Google Scholar
Owens, A. G. (1977). Psychology in the Armed Services. In Nixon, M. & Taft, R. (eds.), Psychology in Australia: Achievements and prospects (pp. 202–215). Sydney: Pergamon.Google Scholar
Patrickson, M. & Haydon, D. (1988). Management selection practices in South Australia. Human Resource Management in Australia, 26(4), 96–104.Google Scholar
Pearson, C. (2012). Recruitment of Indigenous Australians with linguistic and numeric disadvantages. Research and Practice in Human Resource Management, 20(1), 66–80.Google Scholar
Pitama, S. G., Bennett, S. T., Waitoki, W., Haitana, T. N., Valentine, H., Pahina, J., Taylor, J. E., Tassell-Matamua, N., Rowe, L., Beckett, L., Palmer, S. C., Huria, T. M., Lacey, C. J., & McLachlan, A. (2017). A proposed Hauora Māori clinical guide for psychologists: using the hui process and Meihana model in clinical assessment and formal evaluation. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 46(3), 7–19.Google Scholar
Ponsford, J. (2016). The practice of clinical neuropsychology in Australia. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 30(8), 1179–1192.Google Scholar
Price, J. (1984). A look at psychology in Papua New Guinea since independence. South Pacific Journal of Psychology, 1, 1–15.Google Scholar
Quiroga, M. Á, Escorial, S., Román, F. J., Morillo, D., Jarabo, A., Privado, J., Hernandez, M., Gallego, B., & Colom, R. (2015). Can we reliably measure the general factor of intelligence (g) through commercial video games? Yes, we can! Intelligence, 53 (November–December), 1–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rapson, T. H. (1967). Testing and selection procedures. Apia: Department of Education.Google Scholar
Reid, N. & St George, R. (1982). Psychological and educational test-training in New Zealand. A report of a national survey. Newsletter of the International Test Commission, (16), 10–16.Google Scholar
Reid, N. & Gilmore, A. (1989) The Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices in New Zealand. Psychological Test Bulletin 2(2), 25–35.Google Scholar
Richards, G. (2010). Loss of innocence in the Torres Straits. The Psychologist, 23(12), 982–983.Google Scholar
Rose, D. E. (1976). Trait measurement and prediction of success. In Department of Labour & Industry (ed.), Critical issues in vocational guidance: Commemorating 50 years of vocational guidance services in NSW. Sydney: Division of Vocational Guidance Services, NSW. Department of Labour and Industry.Google Scholar
Ross-McAlpine, K. S., Leathem, J. M., & Flett, R. A. (2018). A survey of psychologists administering cognitive and neuropsychological assessments with New Zealand children. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 47(1), 13–22.Google Scholar
Rutherford, D. A. J. (1931) Education in Western Samoa. In Jackson, P. M.(ed), Māori and education (pp. 331–353). New Plymouth: Avery.Google Scholar
Ryan, A. M., McFarland, L., Baron, H., & Page, R. (1999). An international look at selection practices: Nation and culture as explanation for variability in practice. Personnel Psychology, 52(2), 359–392.Google Scholar
Savickas, M. L. (2005). The theory and practice of career construction. In Brown, S. D. & Lent, R. W. (eds.), Career development and counseling: Putting theory and research to work (pp. 42–70). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.Google Scholar
Spoonley, P. (2018). Ethnic and religious intolerance – Intolerance towards Māori, Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved from http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/en/ethnic-and-religious-intolerance/page-1, accessed 17 May 2021.Google Scholar
St George, A. (1972). The Pacific infants performance scale: Some preliminary and comparative New Zealand studies (B.Phil. thesis, University of Waikato).Google Scholar
St George, R. (1970). The psycholinguistic abilities of children from different ethnic backgrounds. Australian Journal of Psychology, 22(1), 85–89.Google Scholar
St George, R. (1979). Beginnings of psychology in New Zealand: A collection of historical documents and recollections. Delta research monograph, no. 2. Dept. of Education, Massey University. Palmerston, North, N.Z.Google Scholar
St George, R. (1983a). Some psychometric properties of the Queensland Test of cognitive abilities with New Zealand European and Māori children. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 12(2), 57–68.Google Scholar
St George, R. (1983b). The assessment of psychological abilities and psychologists’ inabilities in the South Pacific. In Irvine, S. H. & Berry, J. W. (eds.), Human assessment and cultural factors. New York, NY: Plenum.Google Scholar
St George, R. & St George, A. (1975). The measurement of cognitive abilities in the Cook Islands: A research report. Psychology Research Paper no. 4, Hamilton: University of Waikato.Google Scholar
St George, R. & Preston, R. (1980). Psychological testing in Papua New Guinea: A critical appraisal of the work of the Psychological Services Branch. Australian Psychologist, 15(1), 57–71.Google Scholar
Stone, R. J. (1985). Personality tests in executive selection. Human Resource Management Australia, November, 10–14.Google Scholar
Taft, R. & Day, R. (1988). Psychology in Australia. Annual Review of Psychology, 39, 375–400.Google Scholar
Taylor, J. W. (1966). The ACER arithmetic tests: Cook Islands standardization. Rarotonga: Department of Education.Google Scholar
Taylor, J. W. (1967). Selection and promotion in the Cook Islands. Paper to Technical Meeting on Selection and Assessment of Pupils for Promotion or Vocational Guidance. Noumea, New Caledonia: South Pacific Commission.Google Scholar
Taylor, P., Keelty, Y., & McDonnell, B. (2002). Evolving personnel selection practices in New Zealand organisations and recruiting firms. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 31(1), 8–18.Google Scholar
Taylor, P., Mills, A., & O’Driscoll, M. P. (1993). Personnel selection methods used by New Zealand organisations and personnel consulting firms. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 22(1), 19–31.Google Scholar
Toulson, P. K. & Williams, W. C. J. (1979). History of personnel research and psychological services in the New Zealand Armed Forces. In St. George, R. (1979). Beginnings of psychology in New Zealand: A collection of historical documents and recollections. Delta research monograph, no. 2. Dept. of Education, Massey University. Palmerston, North, N.Z.Google Scholar
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2019). World Population Prospects 2019: Data Booklet. ST/ESA/SER.A/424.Google Scholar
Value Edge (2017). Submission to the Royal Commission into the protection and detention of children in the Northern Territory. Retrieved from http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/160243/20180522-0124/childdetentionnt.royalcommission.gov.au/submissions/Pages/default.html#top.Google Scholar
Want, R. L. (1970). The history of psychology in the Royal Australian Air Force. Australian Psychologist, 5(1), 2–8.Google Scholar
White, S. J. (1977). The history and future of the C.S.T. Psychological Research Report 4/77. Selection Techniques Section, Office of the Public Service Board, Canberra, Australia.Google Scholar
Willis, D. (1993). Assessment trends in 1992: Future directions handicapped by a legacy from the past? New Zealand Annual Review of Education, 2, 245–262.Google Scholar
Winterbourn, R. (1974). Guidance services in New Zealand education. Wellington: NZCER.Google Scholar
Young, J. P. (1977). Private practice of occupational psychology. In Nixon, M. & Taft, R. (eds.), Psychology in Australia: Achievements and prospects. (pp. 216–222). Sydney: Pergamon.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×