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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 09 February 2021
Résumé
Le droit du mariage et de la famille en Chine est déconnecté des fondements sociaux de l’économie de marché contemporaine et il accuse un sérieux retard. Cela fait déjà 40 ans que l’on a assisté à la transformation et l’ouverture de la Chine. Aujourd’hui, la refonte du chapitre du Code civil sur le mariage et la famille offre l’opportunité d’une modernisation de cette branche du droit. La troisième version de la partie du Code civil sur le droit du mariage et de la famille a certes apporté plusieurs améliorations, mais il existe encore des difficultés et le texte ne répond pas pleinement aux exigences contemporaines. Dès lors, la réforme devrait être poursuivie afin d’unifier les principes législatifs. Il est tout particulièrement nécessaire que le mariage et le droit de la famille relèvent du droit privé et soient attributifs de droits personnels au lieu de dépendre du droit administratif. La réforme devrait mettre en place un système complet et cohérent de droit de la famille qui offrirait aux personnes un plus grand choix.
The 13th Standing Committee of National People's Congress (NPC) reviewed the third draft of the Marriage and Family Part of the Civil Code on 22 October 2019, and then sent it out for public consultation, which is currently taking place. As an important part of the Civil Code, the Marriage and Family Part is compiled on the basis of the Marriage Law of PRC enacted in 1950, re-enacted and implemented in 1980, revised in 2001, and the Adoption Law of PRC enacted in 1991 and revised in 1998. The current draft has been revised based on the second draft of the Marriage and Family Part of the Civil Code reviewed by the 13th Standing Committee of NPC in June 2019. In general, there are still a number of problems in the current marriage and family system stipulated in the Marriage Law of PRC and the Adoption Law of PRC, which need to be reformed. It is submitted that this is the right time to reform China's marriage and family system by taking the opportunity to amend the Marriage and Family Part. An analysis of the current draft of the Marriage and Family Part indicates reform of the marriage and family system in China has not been comprehensive, and there is much more that needs to be done.
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