Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-hc48f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T15:21:28.555Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 16 - Mass Gathering Events: Endurance Athletic Events

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 April 2024

By
Kristin Whitney  and
Pierre d’Hemecourt
Edited by
William J. Brady ,
Mark R. Sochor ,
Paul E. Pepe ,
John C. Maino II  and
K. Sophia Dyer
William J. Brady
Affiliation:
University of Virginia
Mark R. Sochor
Affiliation:
University of Virginia
Paul E. Pepe
Affiliation:
Metropolitan EMS Medical Directors Global Alliance, Florida
John C. Maino II
Affiliation:
Michigan International Speedway, Brooklyn
K. Sophia Dyer
Affiliation:
Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Massachusetts
Get access

Summary

Medical coverage for mass-participation endurance events is a multi-faceted responsibility that requires extensive planning and preparation in collaboration with race executive leadership and community agencies. Medical facility planning, team training, and use of treatment protocols help to ensure that medical care is administered in a standardized, high quality, and efficient manner. As always, prevention of injury and illness is the ideal. There are many opportunities for prevention through athlete education before the event. The overall goal is safety for event participants, staff, and the surrounding community.

Type
Chapter
Information
Mass Gathering Medicine
A Guide to the Medical Management of Large Events
 , pp. 221 - 229
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Lund, A., Turris, S. A., Bowles, R., et al. Mass-Gathering Health Research Foundational Theory: Part 1 – Population Models for Mass Gatherings. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine. 2014;29(6):648–654.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schwellnus, M., Kipps, C., Roberts, W. O., et al. Medical Encounters (Including Injury and Illness) at Mass Community-Based Endurance Sports Events: An International Consensus Statement on Definitions and Methods of Data Recording and Reporting. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 2019;53(17):1048–1055. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2018-100092.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Asplund, C., Miller, T. K., Creswell, L., et al. NRP10 Triathlon Medical Coverage: A Guide for Medical Directors. Current Sports Medicine Reports. 2017;16(4):280–288.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Breslow, R. G., Giberson-Chen, C. C., Roberts, W. O. Burden of Injury and Illness in the Road Race Medical Tent: A Narrative Review. Clinical Journal of Sports Medicine. 2021;31(6):e499–e505. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000000829.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roberts, W. O. A 12-yr Profile of Medical Injury and Illness for the Twin Cities Marathon. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2000;39:1549–1555.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tang, N., Kraus, C. K., Brill, J. D., et al. Hospital-Based Event Medical Support for the Baltimore Marathon, 2002−2005. Prehospital and Emergency Care. 2008;12:320–326.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schwabe, K., Schwellnus, M., Derman, W., et al. Medical Complications and Deaths in 21 and 56 km Road Race Runners: A 4-year Prospective Study in 65,865 runners – SAFER study I. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 2014;48:912–918.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roberts, W. O., Nicholson, W. G. Youth Marathon Runners and Race Day Medical Risk over 26 Years. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine. 2010;20:5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schwellnus, M., Kipps, C., Roberts, W. O., et al. Medical Encounters (Including Injury and Illness) at Mass Community-Based Endurance Sports Events: An International Consensus Statement on Definitions and Methods of Data Recording and Reporting. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 2019;53:1048–1055.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Riebe, D., Franklin, B. A., Thompson, P. D., et al. Updating ACSM’s Recommendations for Exercise Preparticipation Health Screening. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2015;47(11):2473–2479.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thompson, P. D., Franklin, B. A., Balady, G. J., et al. Exercise and Acute Cardiovascular Events Placing the Risks into Perspective: A Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism and the Council on Clinical Cardiology. Circulation. 2007;115(17):2358–2368.Google ScholarPubMed
Harris, K. M., Creswell, L. L., Haas, T. S., et al. Death and Cardiac Arrest in U.S. Triathlon Participants, 1985 to 2016: A Case Series. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2017.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Turris, S., Lund, A., Mui, J., Wang, P., Lewis, K., Gutman, S. An Organized Medical Response for the Vancouver International Marathon: When the Rubber Hits the Road. Current Sports Medicine Reports. 2014;13(3):147e154.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ewert, G. D. Marathon Race Medical Administration. Sports Medicine. 2007;37(4–5):428–430. doi: 10.2165/00007256-200737040-00040.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ross, C., Başdere, M., Chan, J. L., Mehrotra, S., Smilowitz, K., Chiampas, G. Data Value in Patient Tracking Systems at Racing Events. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2015;47(10):2014–2023. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000637.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
American College of Sports Medicine. Mass Participation Event Management for the Team Physician: A Consensus Statement. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2004;36(11):2004–2008. doi: 10.1249/01.mss.0000145452.18404.f2.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cohen, S., Ellis, E . Death and Near Death from Cardiac Arrest During the Boston Marathon: Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology. PACE. 2012;35:241–244. doi: 10.1111/j.1540–8159.2011.03248.x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pickard, L., Agar, C., Butler, L., Bhangu, A. Adequacy of Immediate Care Documentation at a Major United Kingdom Endurance Event. European Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2010;17(3):170–172. doi: 10.1097/MEJ.0b013e3283307b23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yao, K. V., Troyanos, C., D’Hemmecourt, P., Roberts, W. O. Optimizing Marathon Race Safety Using an Incident Command Post Strategy. Current Sports Medicine Reports. 2017;16(3):144e149.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Montain, S. J., Ely, M. R., Cheuvront, S. N. Marathon Performance in Thermally Stressing Conditions. Sports Medicine. 2007;37(4–5):320–323. doi: 10.2165/00007256-200737040-00012.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hanken, T., Young, S., Smilowitz, K., Chiampas, G., Waskowski, D. Developing a Data Visualization System for the Bank of America Chicago Marathon (Chicago, Illinois USA). Prehospital and Disaster Medicine. 2016;31(5):572–577. doi: 10.1017/S1049023X1600073X.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kenefick, R. W., Sawka, M. N. Heat Exhaustion and Dehydration as Causes of Marathon Collapse. Sports Medicine. 2007;37(4–5):378–381. doi: 10.2165/00007256-200737040-00027.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miles, M. P., Clarkson, P. M. Exercise-Induced Muscle Pain, Soreness, and Cramps. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. 1994;34(3):203–216.Google ScholarPubMed
Gauer, R., Meyers, B. K. Heat-Related Illnesses. American Family Physician. 2019;99(8):482–489.Google ScholarPubMed
Sloan, B. K., Kraft, E. M., Clark, D., Schmeissing, S. W., Byrne, B. C., Rusyniak, D. E. On-Site Treatment of Exertional Heat Stroke. American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2015;43(4):823–829. doi: 10.1177/0363546514566194.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hew-Butler, T. Exercise-Associated Hyponatremia. Frontiers of Hormone Research. 2019;52:178–189. doi: 10.1159/000493247.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schwellnus, M., Swanevelder, S., Derman, W., et al. Prerace Medical Screening and Education Reduce Medical Encounters in Distance Road Races: SAFER VIII study in 153,208 Race Starters. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 2018;0:1e7.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×