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1 - Thermodynamic System and First Law

from Part I - Foundations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 December 2018

Jean-Philippe Ansermet
Affiliation:
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Sylvain D. Brechet
Affiliation:
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
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Summary

The definition of a thermodynamic system includes the characterisation of its enclosure. The system can be closed or open, adiabatic or diathermal, rigid or mobile. State variables may be extensive or intensive. State functions are functions of the state variables only. A system may be divided into subsystems separated by walls that can be impermeable or permeable, adiabatic or diathermal, fixed or mobile. The state of a system may be changed by mechanical processes or thermal processes, resulting in a thermal transfer, mass transfer or work. The first law is expressed in terms of the total energy that includes the kinetic energy, so that thermomechanical systems can be analysed, creating a conceptual link between classical mechanics and thermodynamics. By examining a damped harmonic oscillator in the framework of thermodynamics, the need for a non-mechanical state variable is revealed.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

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