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from 1 - Inflammatory Conditions
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 06 October 2022
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) are idiopathic, chronic inflammatory diseases of the intestinal system. Common types of vasculitides that are associated with IBD are: Large Vessel Vasculitis, mainly Takayasu Arteritis, Cutaneous Vasculitis, Anti – Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA) – Associated Vasculitides (AAV), mostly Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA) and Central Nervous System Vasculitis. Symptoms are related to bowel ischemia due to mesenteric vessel involvement or gastrointestinal ulcers due to small vessel involvement. Etiological investigations constitute; microbiologic tests to exclude super – infections (Stool microscopy, culture, Entamoeba Antigen Testing, C difficile toxin a&b, CMV – DNA, Tuberculosis, etc), renal function evaluation and endoscopy. Endoscoy reveals focal (discontinuous) granular pattern over mild mucosal inflammation that may lead to difficulty in discriminating ulcerative cholitis from Chrons Disease at initial colonoscopy. Vasculitis related ulcers are usually multiple, irregular and uneven based. For the treatment of combined disease, most cases require steroids or biologic agents. Pulse steroid, cyclophosphamide, rituximab or surgical treatment was necessary for the management. Angiographic revascularization may be necessary to the stenotic mesenteric vasculature
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