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Chapter 10 - Effect of continuous positive airway pressure on stroke risk factors and stroke

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 January 2013

By
Malcolm Kohler  and
John R. Stradling
Edited by
Antonio Culebras
Antonio Culebras
Affiliation:
Upstate Medical University, Syracuse
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Summary

This chapter reviews the impact of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy on major treatable risk factors for cerebrovascular atherosclerotic disease, including arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia. As atrial fibrillation (AF) is recognized as an important risk factor for thromboembolic cerebrovascular disease, the chapter also discusses the effect of CPAP treatment on AF. The effect of CPAP on systemic blood pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) seems to depend on the severity of sleep-disordered breathing, daytime sleepiness, extent of obesity, and the hours of nightly CPAP use. OSA and type 2 diabetes are both conditions that are closely associated with obesity, with a high prevalence of OSA in those patients with type 2 diabetes. Preliminary evidence from general and OSA population cohorts show that OSA precedes stroke and may therefore contribute to the development of stroke.

Keywords

obstructive sleep apneahypertensionmortalitynocturnal hypertensiondaytime hypertensioncardiovascular morbidityblood pressure
Type
Chapter
Information
Sleep, Stroke and Cardiovascular Disease , pp. 115 - 126
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2012

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