Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T22:12:02.855Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Cardiovascular events in perimembranous ventricular septal defect with left ventricular volume overload: a French prospective cohort study (FRANCISCO)

Part of: Echocardiography

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 September 2021

Lisa Guirgis ,
Estibaliz Valdeolmillos ,
Guy Vaksmann ,
Clément Karsenty ,
Ali Houeijeh ,
Eric Hery ,
Pascal Amedro ,
Nicolas Pangaud ,
Nadir Benbrik  and
Carine Vastel
...Show all authors
Lisa Guirgis
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric and Adult Congenital Heart Diseases, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph, centre de reference cardiopathies congénitales complexes M3C, université Paris-Sud, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
Estibaliz Valdeolmillos
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Haut Leveque, centre de reference cardiopathies congénitales complexes M3C, IHU Lyric, Bordeaux, France
Guy Vaksmann
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Private hospital La Louvière, Lille, France
Clément Karsenty
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, centre de compétence M3C, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
Ali Houeijeh
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, centre de compétence M3C, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
Eric Hery
Affiliation:
Department of Cardiology, Centre Hospitalier Privé Sainte Marie, Osny, France
Pascal Amedro
Affiliation:
Department of Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology, M3C Regional Reference Centre, Montpellier University Hospital, PhyMedExp, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
Nicolas Pangaud
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Clinique du Val d’Ouest, Lyon, France
Nadir Benbrik
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, centre de compétence M3C, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
Carine Vastel
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Centre de spécialités pédiatriques de l’est parisien, Créteil, France
Antoine Legendre
Affiliation:
Department of Adult Congenital Heart Disease, centre de reference M3C, Hospital Europen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
Zakaria Jalal
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Haut Leveque, centre de reference cardiopathies congénitales complexes M3C, IHU Lyric, Bordeaux, France
Khaled Hadeed
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, centre de compétence M3C, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
Magalie Ladouceur
Affiliation:
Department of Adult Congenital Heart Disease, centre de reference M3C, Hospital Europen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
Laurence Iserin
Affiliation:
Department of Adult Congenital Heart Disease, centre de reference M3C, Hospital Europen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
Daniela Laux
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiology, UE3C Lowendal, Paris, France
Xavier Iriart
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Haut Leveque, centre de reference cardiopathies congénitales complexes M3C, IHU Lyric, Bordeaux, France
Karine Warin Fresse
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, centre de compétence M3C, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
Bertrand Leobon
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, centre de compétence M3C, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
Samir Harchaoui
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiology, Lisieux, France
Virginie Lambert
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiology, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
Ronan Bonefoy
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Hopital Robert Debré, Paris, France
Adeline Basquin
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Rennes, France
Aurélie Chalard
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, centre de competence M3C, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Gabriel Montpied, Clermont Ferrand, France
Stéphanie Douchin
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, centre de competence M3C, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
Ivan Bouzguenda
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Private hospital La Louvière, Lille, France
Charlotte Denis
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, centre de competence M3C, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon, Dijon, France
Hugues Lucron
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, centre de competence M3C, Hopital Pierre Zobda Quitman Fort de France, Martinique, France
Gilles Bosser
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, centre de competence M3C, Hopital Brabois, Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France
Elise Barre
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, centre de competence M3C, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France
Bérangère Urbina-Hiel
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, centre de competence M3C, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Amiens, Amiens, France
Pauline Helms
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, centre de competence M3C, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France
Hélène Ansquer
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, centre de competence M3C, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Morvan de Brest, Brest, France
Quentin Hauet
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, centre de compétence M3C, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
Anne-Sophie Leborgne
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Centre Hospitalier Yves le Foll, St Brieuc, France
Laurence Cohen
Affiliation:
Pediatric Cardiology, Massy, France
Jean Marc Lupoglazoff
Affiliation:
Centre Cardiologique du Nord, St Denis, France
Maurice Guirgis
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Polyclinique la Roseraie, Aubervilliers, France
Céline Gronier
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, centre de compétence M3C, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
Pascale Maragnes
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, centre de competence M3C, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cote de Nacre, Caen, France
Pamela Moceri
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric and Adult Cardiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lenval, centre de competence M3C UR2CA, Université Côte d’Azur, CHU de Nice, Nice, France
Pierre Mauran
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, centre de competence M3C, American Memorial Hospital, Reims, France
Claire Bertail
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, entre de competence M3C, hospices civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Louis Pradel de Bron, Lyon, France
Bruno Lefort
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, centre de competence M3C, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Tours, France
François Godart
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, centre de compétence M3C, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
Alban-Elouen Baruteau
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, centre de compétence M3C, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
Caroline Ovaert
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, centre de competence M3C, Assistance Publique des Hopitaux de Marseille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire La Timone, Marseille, France
Damien Bonnet
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, centre coordinateur reseau M3C, Assistance Publique des Hopitaux de Paris, Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
Nicolas Combes
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Clinique Pasteur, Toulouse, France
Diala Khraiche
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, centre coordinateur reseau M3C, Assistance Publique des Hopitaux de Paris, Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
Lucile Houyel
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, centre coordinateur reseau M3C, Assistance Publique des Hopitaux de Paris, Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
Jean Benoit Thambo
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Haut Leveque, centre de reference cardiopathies congénitales complexes M3C, IHU Lyric, Bordeaux, France
Meriem Mostefa-Kara
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric and Adult Congenital Heart Diseases, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph, centre de reference cardiopathies congénitales complexes M3C, université Paris-Sud, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
Sébastien Hascoet*
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric and Adult Congenital Heart Diseases, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph, centre de reference cardiopathies congénitales complexes M3C, université Paris-Sud, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
*
Author for correspondence: Sebastien Hascoet, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph, 133 avenue de la Résistance 92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France. Tel: +33 140 942 800. E-mail: s.hascoet@ghpsj.fr
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Brief summary

The long-term prospective multi-centre nationwide (French) observational study FRANCISCO will provide new information on perimembranous ventricular septal defect with left ventricular overload but no pulmonary hypertension in children older than 1 year. Outcomes will be compared according to treatment strategy (watchful waiting, surgical closure, or percutaneous closure) and anatomic features of the defect. The results are expected to provide additional guidance about the optimal treatment of this specific population, which is unclear at present.

Keywords

Congenital heart defectventricular septal defectcatheterisationsurgeryoutcomechildren
Type
Review
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 31 , Issue 10 , October 2021 , pp. 1557 - 1562
Check for updates
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Hoffman, JI, Rudolph, AM. The natural history of ventricular septal defects in infancy. Am J Cardiol 1965; 16: 634–653.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ghaderian, M, Merajie, M, Mortezaeian, H, Aarabi Moghadam, MY, Shah Mohammadi, A. Mid-term follow-up of the transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects in children using the Amplatzer. J Tehran Heart Cent 2015; 10: 182–187.Google ScholarPubMed
Lincoln, C, Jamieson, S, Joseph, M, Shinebourne, E, Anderson, RH. Transatrial repair of ventricular septal defects with reference to their anatomic classification. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1977; 74: 183–190.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Soto, B, Becker, AE, Moulaert, AJ, Lie, JT, Anderson, RH. Classification of ventricular septal defects. Br Heart J 1980; 43: 332–343. doi: 10.1136/hrt.43.3.332.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gabriel, HM, Heger, M, Innerhofer, P, et al. Long-term outcome of patients with ventricular septal defect considered not to require surgical closure during childhood. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 39: 1066–1071.10.1016/S0735-1097(02)01706-0CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lopez, L, Houyel, L, Colan, SD, et al. Classification of ventricular septal defects for the eleventh iteration of the International Classification of Diseases-Striving for Consensus: a report from the international society for nomenclature of paediatric and congenital heart disease. Ann Thorac Surg 2018; 106: 1578–1589. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2018.06.020.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mostefa-Kara, M, Houyel, L, Bonnet, D. Anatomy of the ventricular septal defect in congenital heart defects: a random association? Orphanet J Rare Dis 2018; 13: 118. doi: 10.1186/s13023-018-0861-z.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mostefa-Kara, M, Bonnet, D, Belli, E, Fadel, E, Houyel, L. Anatomy of the ventricular septal defect in outflow tract defects: similarities and differences. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2015; 149: 682–688.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2014.11.087.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eroglu, AG, Atik, SU, Sengenc, E, Cig, G, Saltik, IL, Oztunc, F. Evaluation of ventricular septal defect with special reference to the spontaneous closure rate, Subaortic Ridge, and aortic valve prolapse II. Pediatr Cardiol 2017; 38: 915–921. doi: 10.1007/s00246-017-1597-6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cresti, A, Giordano, R, Koestenberger, M, et al. Incidence and natural history of neonatal isolated ventricular septal defects: do we know everything? A 6-year single-center Italian experience follow-up. Congenit Heart Dis 2018; 13: 105–112. doi: 10.1111/chd.12528.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Erdem, S, Ozbarlas, N, Küçükosmanoğlu, O, Poyrazoğlu, H, Salih, OK. Long term follow-up of 799 children with isolated ventricular septal defects. Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars 2012; 40: 22–25. doi: 10.5543/tkda.2012.01679.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kleinman, CS, Tabibian, M, Starc, TJ, Hsu, DT, Gersony, WM. Spontaneous regression of left ventricular dilation in children with restrictive ventricular septal defects. J Pediatr 2007; 150: 583–586. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2007.02.065.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Penny, DJ, Vick, GW. Ventricular septal defect. Lancet 2011; 377: 1103–1112. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61339-6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Habib, G, Lancellotti, P, Antunes, MJ, et al. 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis. The task force for the management of infective endocarditis of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). G Ital Cardiol (Rome) 2016; 17: 277–319. doi: 10.1714/2214.23904.Google Scholar
Stout, KK, Daniels, CJ, Aboulhosn, JA, et al. 2018 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Adults With Congenital Heart Disease: Executive Summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. Published online August 10, 2018. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.08.1028.Google Scholar
Gabriels, C, De Backer, J, Pasquet, A, et al. Long-term outcome of patients with perimembranous ventricular septal defect: results from the Belgian Registry on Adult Congenital Heart Disease. Cardiology 2017; 136: 147–155. doi: 10.1159/000448513.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Narin, N, Pamukcu, O, Tuncay, A, et al. Percutaneous ventricular septal defect closure in patients under 1 year of age. Pediatr Cardiol 2018; 39: 1009–1015. doi: 10.1007/s00246-018-1852-5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shah, JH, Saraiya, SP, Nikam, TS, Jha, MJ. Transcatheter device closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defect in pediatric patients: long-term outcomes. Heart Views 2020; 21: 17–21. doi: 10.4103/HEARTVIEWS.HEARTVIEWS_13_19.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Haddad, RN, Daou, LS, Saliba, ZS. Percutaneous closure of restrictive-type perimembranous ventricular septal defect using the new KONAR multifunctional occluder: Midterm outcomes of the first middle-eastern experience. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. Published online December 30, 2019. doi: 10.1002/ccd.28678.Google ScholarPubMed
Kampmann, C, Wiethoff, CM, Wenzel, A, et al. Normal values of M mode echocardiographic measurements of more than 2000 healthy infants and children in central Europe. Heart 2000; 83: 667–672. doi: 10.1136/heart.83.6.667.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Karonis, T, Scognamiglio, G, Babu-Narayan, SV, et al. Clinical course and potential complications of small ventricular septal defects in adulthood: late development of left ventricular dysfunction justifies lifelong care. Int J Cardiol 2016; 208: 102–106. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.01.208.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harmon, J, Sisco, K, Dutro, M, Cua, CL. Left ventricular dilation: when pediatric meet adult guidelines. Pediatr Cardiol 2018; 39: 26–32. doi: 10.1007/s00246-017-1719-1.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meinel, K, Koestenberger, M, Sallmon, H, Hansmann, G, Pieles, GE. Echocardiography for the assessment of pulmonary hypertension and congenital heart disease in the young. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 11. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics11010049.Google Scholar
Simonneau, G, Montani, D, Celermajer, DS, et al. Haemodynamic definitions and updated clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension. Eur Respir J 2019; 53. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01913-2018.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marx, GR, Allen, HD, Goldberg, SJ. Doppler echocardiographic estimation of systolic pulmonary artery pressure in pediatric patients with interventricular communications. J Am Coll Cardiol 1985; 6: 1132–1137. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(85)80320-x.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baumgartner, H, De Backer, J, Babu-Narayan, SV, et al. 2020 ESC Guidelines for the management of adult congenital heart disease. Eur Heart J. Published online August 29, 2020. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa554.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lai, WW, Geva, T, Shirali, GS, et al. Guidelines and standards for performance of a pediatric echocardiogram: a report from the Task Force of the Pediatric Council of the American Society of Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2006; 19: 1413–1430. doi: 10.1016/j.echo.2006.09.001.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baumgartner, H, Bonhoeffer, P, De Groot, NMS, et al. ESC Guidelines for the management of grown-up congenital heart disease (new version 2010). Eur Heart J 2010; 31: 2915–2957. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehq249.Google Scholar
Soufflet, V, Van de Bruaene, A, Troost, E, et al. Behavior of unrepaired perimembranous ventricular septal defect in young adults. Am J Cardiol 2010; 105: 404–407. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.09.047.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Piazza, F, Santoro, G, Russo, MG. Aortic insufficiency due to ventricular septal defect (Laubry-Pezzi syndrome). J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2013; 14: 164–165. doi: 10.2459/JCM.0b013e3283515c30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ellis, JH, Moodie, DS, Sterba, R, Gill, CC. Ventricular septal defect in the adult: natural and unnatural history. Am Heart J 1987; 114: 115–120. doi: 10.1016/0002-8703(87)90315-2.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kidd, L, Driscoll, DJ, Gersony, WM, et al. Second natural history study of congenital heart defects. Results of treatment of patients with ventricular septal defects. Circulation 1993; 87 (2 Suppl): I38– I51.Google ScholarPubMed
VanAuker, MD, del Nido, PJ, Tacy, TA, Sigfusson, G, Cape, EG. Ventricular septal defect modulates septal shear stress caused by aorto-septal angle: implications for subaortic stenosis. † 219. Pediatr Res 1996; 39: 39. doi: 10.1203/00006450-199604001-00238.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neumayer, U, Stone, S, Somerville, J. Small ventricular septal defects in adults. Eur Heart J 1998; 19: 1573–1582. doi: 10.1053/euhj.1998.1083.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Padiyath, A, Makil, ES, Braley, KT, et al. Frequency of development of aortic valve disease in unrepaired perimembranous ventricular septal defects. Am J Cardiol 2017; 119: 1670–1674. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2017.02.004.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Viswanathan, S, Kumar, RK. Should we close small ventricular septal defects? Ann Pediatr Cardiol 2017; 10: 1–4. doi: 10.4103/0974-2069.197054.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Scully, BB, Morales, DLS, Zafar, F, McKenzie, ED, Fraser, CD, Heinle, JS. Current expectations for surgical repair of isolated ventricular septal defects. Ann Thorac Surg 2010; 89: 544–549; discussion 550–551. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2009.10.057.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mavroudis, C, Gevitz, M, Ring, WS, McIntosh, CL, Schwartz, M. The Society of Thoracic Surgeons National Congenital Heart Surgery Database Report: analysis of the first harvest (1994–1997). Ann Thorac Surg 1999; 68: 601–624. doi: 10.1016/s0003-4975(99)00631-1.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Menting, ME, Cuypers, JAAE, Opić, P, et al. The unnatural history of the ventricular septal defect: outcome up to 40 years after surgical closure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2015; 65: 1941–1951. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.02.055.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goldberg, JF. Long-term Follow-up of “Simple” Lesions--Atrial Septal Defect, Ventricular Septal Defect, and Coarctation of the Aorta. Congenit Heart Dis 2015; 10: 466–474. doi: 10.1111/chd.12298.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heiberg, J, Petersen, AK, Laustsen, S, Hjortdal, VE. Abnormal ventilatory response to exercise in young adults operated for ventricular septal defect in early childhood: a long-term follow-up. Int J Cardiol 2015; 194: 2–6. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.05.071.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yang, L, Tai, B-C, Khin, LW, Quek, SC. A systematic review on the efficacy and safety of transcatheter device closure of ventricular septal defects (VSD). J Interv Cardiol 2014; 27: 260–272. doi: 10.1111/joic.12121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Santhanam, H, Yang, L, Chen, Z, Tai, B-C, Rajgor, DD, Quek, S-C. A meta-analysis of transcatheter device closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defect. Int J Cardiol 2018; 254: 75–83. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.12.011.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Houeijeh, A, Godart, F, Jalal, Z, et al. Transcatheter closure of a perimembranous ventricular septal defect with Nit-Occlud Lê VSD Coil: a French multicentre study. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 113: 104–112. doi: 10.1016/j.acvd.2019.11.004.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pillai, AA, Rangasamy, S, Balasubramonian, VR. Transcatheter closure of moderate to large perimembranous ventricular septal defects in children weighing 10 kilograms or less. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg 2019; 10: 278–285. doi: 10.1177/2150135119825562.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tanidir, IC, Baspinar, O, Saygi, M, Kervancioglu, M, Guzeltas, A, Odemis, E. Use of LifetechTM Konar-MF, a device for both perimembranous and muscular ventricular septal defects: a multicentre study. Int J Cardiol 2020; 310: 43–50. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.02.056.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haas, NA, Kock, L, Bertram, H, et al. Interventional VSD-closure with the Nit-Occlud® Lê VSD-coil in 110 patients: early and Midterm results of the EUREVECO-registry. Pediatr Cardiol 2017; 38: 215–227. doi: 10.1007/s00246-016-1502-8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ghosh, S, Sridhar, A, Sivaprakasam, M. Complete heart block following transcatheter closure of perimembranous VSD using Amplatzer duct occluder II. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2018; 92: 921–924. doi: 10.1002/ccd.27177.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fraisse, A, Bautista-Rodriguez, C. More than 3 decades quest for the ideal device to close ventricular septal defects. Int J Cardiol 2020; 310: 64–66. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.04.017.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed