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Comparison of the estimated prevalence of mood and/or anxiety disorders in Canada between self-report and administrative data

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 June 2015

S. O'Donnell ,
S. Vanderloo ,
L. McRae ,
J. Onysko ,
S. B. Patten  and
L. Pelletier
S. O'Donnell*
Affiliation:
Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
S. Vanderloo
Affiliation:
Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
L. McRae
Affiliation:
Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
J. Onysko
Affiliation:
Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
S. B. Patten
Affiliation:
Department of Community Health Sciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
L. Pelletier
Affiliation:
Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
*
*Address for correspondence: S. O'Donnell, Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention, Public Health Agency of Canada, 785 Carling Avenue, AL: 6806A, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada. (Email: siobhan.odonnell@phac-aspc.gc.ca)
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Abstract

Background.

To compare trends in the estimated prevalence of mood and/or anxiety disorders identified from two data sources (self-report and administrative). Reviewing, synthesising and interpreting data from these two sources will help identify potential factors that underlie the observed estimates and inform public health action.

Method.

We used self-reported, diagnosed mood and/or anxiety disorder cases from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) across a 5-year span (from 2003 to 2009) to estimate the prevalence among the Canadian population aged ≥15 years. We also estimated the prevalence of mood and/or anxiety disorders using the Canadian Chronic Disease Surveillance System (CCDSS), which identified cases using ICD-9/-10-CA codes from physician billing claims and hospital discharge records during the same time period. The prevalence rates for mood and/or anxiety disorders were compared across the CCHS and CCDSS by age and sex for all available years of data from 2003 to 2009. Summary rates were age-standardised to the Canadian population as of 1 October 1991.

Results.

In 2009, the prevalence of mood and/or anxiety disorders was 9.4% using self-reported data v. 11.3% using administrative data. Prevalence rates obtained from administrative data were consistently higher than those from self-report for both men and women. However, due to an increase in the prevalence of self-reported cases, these differences decreased over time (rate ratios for both sexes: 1.6–1.2). Prevalence estimates were consistently higher among females compared with males irrespective of data source. While differences in the prevalence estimates between the two data sources were evident across all age groups, the reduction of these differences was greater among adolescent, young and middle-aged adults compared with those 70 years and older.

Conclusions.

The overall narrowing of differences over time reflects a convergence of information regarding the prevalence of mood and/or anxiety disorders trends between self-report and administrative data sources. While the administrative data-based prevalences remained relatively stable, the self-reported prevalences increased over time. These observations may reflect positive societal changes in the perceptions of mental health (declining stigma) and/or increasing mental health literacy. Additional research using non-ecological data is required to further our understanding of the observed findings and trends, including a data linkage exercise permitting a comparison of prevalence estimates and population characteristics from these two data sources both separately and merged.

Keywords

Administrative dataepidemiologymood and/or anxiety disordersprevalenceself-report datasurveillance
Type
Original Articles
Information
Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences , Volume 25 , Issue 4 , August 2016 , pp. 360 - 369
Copyright
Copyright © Crown Copyright. Published by Cambridge University Press 2015 

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