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Cribado de los factores de riesgo de retraimiento social en niños de 14-18 meses

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2008

Antoine Guedeney ,
Christophe Foucault ,
Eva Bougen ,
Beatrice Larroqu  and
Francia Mentré
Antoine Guedeney
Affiliation:
Departamento ele Psiquiatría Infantil y de Adolescentes, Hospital Bichat-CIaude Bemard APHP París F75018, Francia Universidad de París Vil, París F75005, Francia
Christophe Foucault
Affiliation:
Departamento de Evaluaciones Periódicas de la Salud Infantil, DEPSE, CPAM de París, París, Francia
Eva Bougen
Affiliation:
Servicio de Bioestadística, Hospital Bichat-CIaude Bemard, París, Francia
Beatrice Larroqu
Affiliation:
INSERMU149, Villejuif, Francia
Francia Mentré
Affiliation:
Servicio de Bioestadística, Bichat-CIaude Bemard, APHP París, Francia
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Resumen

Objetivos.

Los objetivos de este estudio fueron (1) evaluar la prevalencia de factores de riesgo de retraimiento en las relaciones socials (retraimiento social) en niños de 14-18 meses que asistían a un centro de salud pública en París, (2) para comprobar algunos factores de riesgo relacionados con el retraimiento social en esta población.

Métodos.

Se realizó un estudio transversal en niños de 14-18 meses que asistieron a un centro de cribado de la salud infantil durante el año 2005.

Resultados.

Participaron en el estudio 640 niños, el 13% de los cuales [n=83, IC 95% (10,4%; 15,6%)] tenía una puntuación ADBB de 5 o más. Se observó una relación clara entre el retraimiento social y las dificultades psicológicas descritas por los padres, y entre el retraimiento social y el retraso en el desarrollo. El retraimiento social también se asoció significativamente con ser varón, con vivir en condiciones de riesgo (por ejemplo, custodia compartida o vivir con una familia adoptiva), con ser adoptado o con ser gemelo. Los niños más retraídos no acudían a guarderías.

Conclusión.

El retraimiento social prolongado se relacionó con trastornos del desarrollo y con la psicopatología y no con la situación socioeconómica (SES), el origen étnico o el orden de nacimiento. La escala podría usarse para el cribado psicopatológico precoz en niños de 2-24 años.

Keywords

CribadoRetraimiento social en la primera infanciaEvaluación de las capacidades de relaciónAlarm Distress Baby Scale (ADBB)
Type
Artículo original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 15 , Issue 4 , May 2008 , pp. 197 - 203
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2008

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