Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-4rdpn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T17:41:26.777Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Biological control of indigenous African stemborers: What do we know?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

D. E. Conlong
D. E. Conlong
Affiliation:
SASA Experiment Station, Private Bag X02, Mt Edgecombe, KwaZulu-Natal 4300, South Africa, E-mail: xentdc@sugar.org.za
Get access

Abstract

Using examples from surveys to collect natural enemies of the indigenous African sugarcane borer Eldana saccharina Walker throughout Africa, insight is given into what factors should be investigated should biological control of other indigenous African stemborers be considered. Indigenous host plant range, parts of indigenous and crop hosts attacked, types of natural enemies found in these different niches and natural enemy attack strategies are all important factors to consider when planning redistribution of indigenous natural enemies from one part of Africa to another. This knowledge is important when choosing the correct natural enemy for mass rearing and release into the affected crop, and can be used to manage the crop habitat, using the indigenous tritrophic systems identified, to increase crop diversity and thus effectiveness of indigenous natural enemies.

Résumé

En se basant sur des exemples d'enquêtes destinées à récolter les ennemis naturels du foreur indigène africain de la canne à sucre Eldana saccharina Walker en Afrique, cet article donne un aperçu des facteurs susceptibles d'être étudiés pour contrôler biologiquement les autres foreurs de tiges indigènes africains. La gamme des plantes hôtes indigènes, les parties attaquées des hôtes indigènes et cultivés, les types d'ennemis naturels trouvés dans ces différentes niches et les stratégies d'attaque des ennemis naturels sont tous des facteurs importants à considérer quand on projette de déplacer des ennemis naturels indigènes d'une région d'Afrique à une autre. Cette connaissance est importante lorsque l'on veut choisir l'ennemi naturel adapté pour la production de masse et pour le lâcher dans la culture affectée; elle peut également être utilisée pour gérer l'habitat de la culture, en utilisant le système tritrophique indigène identifié, afin d'accroître sa diversité et ainsi l'efficacité des ennemis naturels indigènes.

Keywords

LepidopteraEldana saccharinaBusseola fuscaSesamia calamistisChilo orichalcociliellusbiological controlindigenoushost plantsCyperaceaeGraminaeJuncaceaeparasitoidsBraconidaeIchneumonidaeChalcidaeBethylidaeTachinidaefunginematodesLepidopteraEldana saccharinaBusseola fuscaSesamia calamistisChilo orichalcocilielluslutte biologiqueindigèneplantes hôtesCyperaceaeGraminaeJuncaceaeparasitoïdesBraconidaeIchneumonidaeChalcidaeBethylidaeTachinidaechampignonnématodes
Type
Review Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 21 , Issue 4 , December 2001 , pp. 267 - 274
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2001

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Atkinson, P. R. (1980) On the biology, distribution and natural host plants of Eldana saccharina Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). J. Ent. Soc. S. Afr. 43, 171–194.Google Scholar
Bosque-Perez, N.A. and Schulthess, F. (1998) Maize: West and Central Africa, pp. 11–24. In African Cereal Stem Borers. Economic Importance, Taxonomy, Natural Enemies and Control (Edited by Polaszek, A.). CAB International in association with ACP-EU Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Co-operation (CTA). Wallington, Oxon OX10 8DE, United Kingdom. ISBN 0 85199 175 0.Google Scholar
Carnegie, A.J.M. (1974) A recrudescence of the borer Eldana saccharina Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Proc. S. Afr. Sugar Technol. Assoc. 48, 107–110.Google Scholar
Conlong, D.E. (1990) A study of pest-parasitoid relationships in natural habitats: An aid towards the biological control of Eldana saccharina (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Proc. S. Afr. Sugar Technol. Assoc. 64, 111–115.Google Scholar
Conlong, D.E. (1997) Biological control of Eldana saccharina Walker in South African sugarcane: Constraints identified from 15 years of research. Insect Sci. Applic. 17, 69–78.Google Scholar
Conlong, D.E. (2000) Indigenous African parasitoids of Eldana saccharina (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Proc. S. Afr. Sugar Technol. Assoc. 74 (in press).Google Scholar
Dick, J. (1945) Some data on the biology of the sugarcane borer (Eldana saccharina, Wlk.) Proc. S. Afr. Sugar Technol. Assoc. 19, 75–79.Google Scholar
Girling, D.J. (1972) Eldana saccharina Wlk. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), a pest of sugarcane in East Africa. Proc. Int. Soc. Sugarcane Technol. 14, 429–434.Google Scholar
Harris, K.M. (1962) Lepidopterous stemborers in Nigeria. Bull. Entomol. Res. 53, 139–171.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ingram, W.R. (1958) The lepidopterous stalk borers associated with Graminae in Uganda. Bull. Entomol. Res. 49, 367–383.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kfir, R. (1998) Maize and grain sorghum: Southern Africa, pp. 29–37. In African Cereal Stem Borers. Economic Importance, Taxonomy, Natural Enemies and Control (Edited by Polaszek, A.). CAB International in association with ACP-EU Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Co-operation (CTA). Wallington, Oxon OX10 8DE, United Kingdom. ISBN 0 85199 175 0.Google Scholar
Kfir, R. and Bell, R.A. (1993) Intraseasonal changes in populations of the African stemborer Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its parasitoids in Natal, South Africa, J. Afr. Zool. 106, 543–553.Google Scholar
Nye, I.W.B. (1960) The insect pests of graminaceous crops in East Africa. Colonial Research Study No. 31. 48 pp. H.M.S.O., London.Google Scholar
Ofomata, V.C., Overholt, W.A., Van Huis, A., Egwuatu, R.I. and Ngi-Song, A. J. (1999) Niche overlap and interspecific association between Chilo partellus and Chilo orichalcociliellus on the Kenya coast. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 93, 141–148.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Polaszek, A. (Ed.) (1998) African Cereal Stem Borers. Economic Importance, Taxonomy, Natural Enemies and Control. CAB International in association with ACP-EU Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Co-operation (CTA). Wallington, Oxon OX10 8DE, United Kingdom. ISBN 0 85199 175 0.Google Scholar
Polaszek, A. and Khan, Z.R. (1998) Host plants, pp. 2–10. In African Cereal Stem Borers: Economic Importance Taxonomy, Natural Enemies and Control (Edited by Polaszek, A.). CAB International in association with ACP-EU Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Co-operation (CTA). Wallington, Oxon OX10 8DE, United Kingdom. ISBN 0 85199 175 0.Google Scholar
Seshu Reddy, K.V. (1983) Studies on the stem-borer complex of sorghum in Kenya. Insect Sci. Applic. 4, 3–10.Google Scholar
Seshu Reddy, K.V. (1987) Sorghum stemborers in Eastern Africa. In Proceedings of the International Workshop on Sorghum Stem Borers, 17–20 Nov. 1987, ICRISAT Center, India, Patancheru, AP 502 324.Google Scholar
Seshu Reddy, K.V. (1998) Maize and Sorghum: East Africa, pp. 25–27. In African Cereal Stem Borers: Economic Importance, Taxonomy, Natural Enemies and Control (Edited by Polaszek, A.). CAB International in association with ACP-EU Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Co-operation (CTA). Wallington, Oxon OX10 8DE, United Kinedom. ISBN 1 85199 175 0.Google Scholar
Waiyaki, J.N. (1968) lhe biology and control of the principal lepidopterous borers associated with sugarcane at the Tanganyika Planting Company, Arusha-Chini. Miscellaneous report No. 653. Tropical Pesticides Research Institute, Arusha, TanzaniaGoogle Scholar
Waladde, S.M. (1982) Chemoreception of adult stemborers: Tarsal and ovipositor sensilla on Chilo partellus and Eldana saccharina. Insect Sci. Applic. 4, 159–165.Google Scholar