Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T05:13:17.107Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Carbohydrate balance and body-weight regulation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 October 2007

J. P. Flatt
J. P. Flatt
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
The Glucostatic Theory of Hunger and Satiety: Where Are We Now?
Information
Proceedings of the Nutrition Society , Volume 55 , Issue 1B , March 1996 , pp. 449 - 465
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1996

References

Abbott, W. G. H., Howard, B. V., Christin, L., Freymond, D., Lillioja, S., Boyce, V. L., Anderson, T. E., Bogardus, C. & Ravussin, E. (1988). Short-term energy balance: relationship with protein, carbohydrate, and fat balances. American Journal of Physiology 255, E332–E337.Google ScholarPubMed
Acheson, K. J., Schutz, Y., Bessard, T., Anantharaman, K., Flatt, J. P. & Jequier, E. (1988). Glycogen storage capacity and de novo lipogenesis during massive carbohydrate overfeeding in man. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 48, 240–247.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Acheson, K. J., Schutz, Y., Bessard, T., Ravussin, E., Jequier, E. & Flatt, J. P. (1984). Nutritional influences on lipogenesis and thermogenesis after a carbohydrate meal. American Journal of Physiology 246, E62–E70.Google ScholarPubMed
Astrup, A., Buemann, B., Christensen, N. J. & Toubro, S. (1994). Failure to increase lipid oxidation in response to increasing dietary fat content in formerly obese women. American Journal of Physiology 266, E592–E599.Google ScholarPubMed
Bingham, S. A., Gill, C., Welch, A., Day, K., Cassidy, A., Khaw, K. T., Sneyd, M. J., Key, T. J. A., Roe, L. & Day, N. E. (1994). Comparison of dietary assessment methods in nutritional epidemiology: weighed records v. 24 h recalls, food-frequency questionnaires and estimated-diet records. British Journal of Nutrition 72, 619–643.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Björntorp, P., Bergman, H., Varnauskas, R. & Lindholm, B. (1969). Lipid mobilization in relation to body composition in man. Metabolism 18, 840–851.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Björntorp, P. & Sjöström, L. (1978). Carbohydrate storage in man: speculations and some quantitative considerations. Metabolism 27, 1853–1865.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blundell, J. E., Green, S. & Burley, V. (1994). Carbohydrates and human appetite. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 59, 728S-734S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bouchard, C., Déspres, J.-P. & Mauriége, P. (1993). Genetic and nongenetic determinants of regional fat distribution. Endocrine Reviews 14, 72–93.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bouchard, C. & Pérusse, L. (1993). Genetics of obesity. Annual Review of Nutrition 13, 337–354.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Campbell, P. J., Carlson, M. G. & Nurjhan, N. (1994). Fat metabolism in human obesity. American Journal of Physiology 266, E600–E605.Google ScholarPubMed
Campfield, L. A. & Smith, F. J. (1990). Transient declines in blood glucose signal meal initiation. International Journal of Obesity 14, 15–33.Google ScholarPubMed
Dallosso, H. M. & James, W. P. T. (1984). Whole-body calorimetry studies in adult men 1. The effect of fat over-feeding on 24 h energy expenditure. British Journal of Nutrition 52, 49–64.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
de Castro, J. M. & Brewer, E. M. (1992). The amount eaten in meals by humans is a power function number of people present. Physiology and Behavior 51, 121–125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Diaz, E. O., Prentice, A. M., Goldberg, G. R., Murgatroyd, P. R. & Coward, W. A. (1992). Metabolic responses to experimental overfeeding in lean and overweight healthy volunteers. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 56, 641–655.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Eckel, R. H. (1992). Insulin resistance: an adaptation for weight maintenance. Lancet 340, 1452–1453.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Edholm, O. G., Fletcher, J. G., Widdowson, E. M. & McCance, R. A. (1955). The energy expenditure and food intake of individual men. British Journal of Nutrition 9, 286–300.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Erlanson-Albertsson, C. (1992). Enterostatin: the pancreatic procolipase activation peptide – a signal for regulation of fat intake. Nutrition Reviews 50, 307–310.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Flatt, J. P. (1987). Dietary fat, carbohydrate balance, and weight maintenance: effects of exercise. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 45, 296–306.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Flatt, J. P. (1988). Importance of nutrient balance in body weight regulation. Diabetes/Metabolism Reviews 4, 571–581.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Flatt, J. P. (1991 a). Assessment of daily and cumule ive carbohydrate and fat balances in mice. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 2, 193–202.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flatt, J. P. (1991 b). Opposite effects of variations in food intake on carbohydrate and fat oxidation in ad libitum fed mice. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 2, 186–192.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flatt, J. P. (1993). Dietary fat, carbohydrate balance, and weight maintenance. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 683, 122–140.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Flatt, J. P. (1995 a). Body composition, RQ, and weight maintenance. American Journal of Clinical Nuritiont 62, 1107S–1117S.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flatt, J. P. (1995 b). Carbohydrate balance and food intake regulation. American Journal of Clinical nutrition 62, 155–156.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Flatt, J. P. (1995 c). McCollum Award Lecture, 1995: Diet, lifestyle and weight maintenance. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 62, 820–836.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Flatt, J. P. (1996). Glycogen levels and obesity. International Journal of Obesity (In the Press).Google ScholarPubMed
Flatt, J. P., Ravussin, E., Acheson, K. J. & Jéquier, E. (1985). Effects of dietary fat on postprandial substrate oxidation and on carbohydrate and fat balances. Journal of Clinical Investigation 76, 1019–1024.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Friedman, M. I. (1990). Body fat and the metabolic control of food intake. International Journal of Obesity 14, 53–67.Google ScholarPubMed
Giner, M., Kawashima, Y., Campos, A. C. L. & Meguid, M. M. (1992). Influence of parenteral feeding on spontaneous caloric intake and food selection in rats. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 11, 232–236.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Griffiths, A. J., Humphreys, S. M., Clark, M. L., Fielding, B. A. & Frayn, K. N. (1994). Immediate metabolic availability of dietary fat in combination with carbohydrate. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 59, 53–59.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hellerstein, M. K., Christiansen, M., Kaempfer, S., Kletke, C., Wu, K., Reid, J. S., Mulligan, K., Hellerstein, N. S. & Shackleton, C. H. L. (1991). Measurement of de novo hepatic lipogenesis in humans using stable isotopes. Journal of Clinical Investigation 87, 1841–1852.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hultman, E. & Nilsson, L. H. (1975). Factors influencing carbohydrate metabolism in man. Nutrition and Metabolism 18, Suppl. 1 45–64.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kendall, A., Levitsky, D. A., Strupp, B. J. & Lissner, L. (1991). Weight loss on a low fat diet: consequence of the imprecision of the control of food intake in humans. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 53, 1124–1129.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kissileff, H. R. & Van Itallie, T. P. (1982). Physiology of the control of food intake. Annual Review of Nutrition 2, 371–418.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kuczmarski, R. J., Flegal, K. M., Campbell, S. M. & Johnson, C. L. (1994). Increasing prevalence of overweight among US adults. Journal of the American Medical Association 272, 205–211.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
LeMagnen, J. (1981). The metabolic basis of dual periodicity of feeding in rats. Behavior and Brain Sciences 4, 561–607.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lissner, L. & Heitmann, B. L. (1995). Dietary fat and obesity: evidence from epidemiology. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 49, 79–90.Google ScholarPubMed
Lissner, L., Levitsky, D. A., Strupp, B. J., Kalkwarf, H. J. & Roe, D. A. (1987). Dietary fat and the regulation of energy intake in human subjects. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 46, 886–892.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mayer, J. (1955). Regulation of energy intake and body weight: the glucostatic theory and lipostatic hypothesis. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 63, 15–43.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nicholl, C. G., Polak, J. M. & Bloom, S. R. (1985). The hormonal regulation of food intake, digestion, and absorption. Annual Review of Nutrition 5, 213–239.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Prentice, A. M., Goldberg, G. R., Murgatroyd, P. R., Shetty, P. S. & Stubbs, R. J. (1995). Carbohydrate balance and food intake regulation. Reply to J. P. Flatt. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 62, 156–157.Google Scholar
Randle, P. J., Hales, C. N., Garland, P. B. & Newsholme, E. A. (1963). The glucose fatty-acid cycle: its role in insulin sensitivity and the metabolic disturbances of diabetes mellitus. Lancet i, 785–789.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rolls, B. J., Andersen, A. E., Moran, T. H., McNelis, A. L., Baier, H. C. & Fedoroff, I. C. (1992). Food intake, hunger, and satiety after preloads in women with eating disorders. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 55, 1093–1103.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rolls, B. J., Kim-Harris, S., Fischman, M. W., Foltin, R. W., Moran, T. H. & Stoner, S. A. (1994). Satiety after preloads with different amounts of fat and carbohydrate: implications for obesity. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 60, 476–487.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rolls, B. J., Rowe, E. A., Rolls, E. T., Kingston, B., Megson, A. & Gunary, R. (1981). Variety in a meal enhances food intake in man. Physiology and Behavior 26, 215–221.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Russek, M. (1981). Current status of the hepatostatic theory of food intake control. Appetite 2, 137–143.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Scharrer, E. & Langhans, W. (1986). Control of food intake by fatty acid oxidation. American Journal of Physiology 250, R1003–R1006.Google ScholarPubMed
Schoeller, D. A. & Field, C. R. (1991). Human energy metabolism: What we have learned from the doubly labeled water method. Annual Review of Nutrition 11, 355–373.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schutz, Y., Flatt, J. P. & Jéquier, E. (1989). Failure of dietary fat intake to promote fat oxidation: A factor favoring the development of obesity. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 50, 307–314.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Seidell, J. C. (1995). Obesity in Europe: scaling an epidemic. International Journal of Obesity 19, S1–S4.Google ScholarPubMed
Seidell, J. C., Muller, D. C., Sorkin, J. D. & Andres, R. (1992). Fasting respiratory exchange ratio and resting metabolic rate as predictors of weight gain: the Baltimore Longitudinal Study on Aging. International Journal of Obesity 16, 667–674.Google ScholarPubMed
Shetty, P. S., Prentice, A. M., Goldberg, G. R., Murgatroyd, P. R., McKenna, A. P. M., Stubbs, R. J. & Volschenk, P. A. (1994). Alterations in fuel selection and voluntary food intake in response to isoenergetic manipulation of glycogen stores in humans. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 60, 534–543.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sobal, J. & Stunkard, A. J. (1989). Socioeconomic status and obesity: A review of the literature. Psychology Bulletin 105, 260–275.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sorensen, T. I. A., Holst, C. & Stunkard, A. J. (1992). Childhood body mass index-genetic and familial environmental influences assessed in a longitudinal adoption study. International Journal of Obesity 16, 705–714.Google Scholar
Stubbs, R. J., Harbron, C. G., Murgatroyd, P. R. & Prentice, A. M. (1995 b). Covert manipulation of dietary fat and energy density: effect on substrate flux and food intake in men eating ad libitum. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 62, 316–329.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stubbs, R. J., Murgatroyd, P. R., Goldberg, G. R. & Prentice, A. M. (1993). Carbohydrate balance and the regulation of day-to-day food intake in humans. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 57, 897–903.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stubbs, R. J., Ritz, P., Coward, W. A. & Prentice, A. M. (1995 a). Covert manipulation of the ratio of dietary fat to carbohydrate and energy density: effect on food intake and energy balance in free-living men eating ad libitum. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 62, 330–337.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thomas, C. D., Peters, J. C., Reed, G. W., Abumrad, N. N., Sun, M. & Hill, J. O. (1992). Nutrient balance and energy expenditure during ad libitum feeding of high fat and high carbohydrate diets in humans. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 55, 934–942.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Westerterp-Platenga, M. S., Fredrix, E. W. H. M. & Steffens, A. B. 1993 Food Intake and Energy Expenditure, Boca Raton, Fl: CRC Press.Google Scholar
Zhang, Y., Proenca, R., Maffei, M., Barone, M., Leopold, L. & Friedman, J. M. (1994). Positional cloning of the mouse obese gene and its human homologue. Nature 372, 425–432.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zurlo, F., Lillioja, S., Esposito-Del Puente, A., Nyomba, B. L., Raz, I., Saad, M. F., Swinburn, B. A., Knowler, W. C., Bogardus, C. & Ravussin, E. (1990). Low ratio of fat to carbohydrate oxidation as predictor of weight gain: study of 24h RQ. American Journal of Physiology 259, E650–E657.Google ScholarPubMed