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The role of polyphenolic compounds in the diet as inhibitors of platelet function

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 March 2007

Gary P. Hubbard ,
Siegfried Wolffram ,
Julie A. Lovegrove  and
Jonathan M. Gibbins
Gary P. Hubbard*
Affiliation:
School of Food Biosciences and University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, Berks. RG6 6AL, UK School of Animal and Microbial Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, Berks. RG6 6AL, UK
Siegfried Wolffram
Affiliation:
Institute of Animal Nutrition, Physiology and Metabolism, University of Kiel, D-24098, Kiel, Germany
Julie A. Lovegrove
Affiliation:
School of Food Biosciences and University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, Berks. RG6 6AL, UK
Jonathan M. Gibbins
Affiliation:
School of Animal and Microbial Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, Berks. RG6 6AL, UK
*
*Corresponding author: Mr Gary Hubbard, fax +44 118931 0180, g.p.hubbard@reading.ac.uk
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Abstract

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Platelets play a substantial role in cardiovascular disease, and for many years there has been a search for dietary components that are able to inhibit platelet function and therefore decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease. Platelets can be inhibited by alcohol, dietary fats and some antioxidants, including a group of compounds, the polyphenols, found in fruits and vegetables. A number of these compounds have been shown to inhibit platelet function both in vitro and in vivo. In the present study the effects of the hydroxycinnamates and the flavonoid quercetin on platelet activation and cell signalling in vitro were investigated. The hydroxycinnamates inhibited platelet function, although not at levels that can be achieved in human plasma by dietary intervention. However, quercetin inhibited platelet aggregation at levels lower than those previously reported. Quercetin was also found to inhibit intracellular Ca mobilisation and whole-cell tyrosine protein phosphorylation in platelets, which are both processes essential for platelet activation. The effect of polyphenols on platelet aggregation in vivo was also investigated. Twenty subjects followed a low-polyphenol diet for 3 d before and also during supplementation. All subjects were supplemented with a polyphenol-rich meal every lunchtime for 5 d. Platelet aggregation and plasma flavonols were measured at baseline and after 5 d of dietary supplementation. Total plasma flavonoids increased significantly after the dietary intervention period (P=0·001). However, no significant changes in ex vivo platelet aggregation were observed. Further investigation of the effects of individual polyphenolic compounds on platelet function, both in vitro and in vivo, is required in order to elucidate their role in the relationship between diet and the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Keywords

Dietary polyphenolsHydroxycinnamatesQuercetinPlatelet functionRisk for cardiovascular disease
Type
Micronutrient Group Symposium on ‘Micronutrient supplementation: when and why?’
Information
Proceedings of the Nutrition Society , Volume 62 , Issue 2 , May 2003 , pp. 469 - 478
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2003

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