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Quantification of dietary biomarkers in spot urine samples reflects the intake of foods of UK high public health importance

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 November 2016

A.J. Lloyd ,
H. Zubair ,
N.D. Willis ,
T. Wilson ,
L. Xie ,
K. Tailliart ,
E.S. Chambers ,
I. Garcia-Perez ,
E. Holmes  and
G. Frost
...Show all authors
A.J. Lloyd
Affiliation:
Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, AberystwythUK
H. Zubair
Affiliation:
Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, AberystwythUK
N.D. Willis
Affiliation:
Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE4 5PL
T. Wilson
Affiliation:
Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, AberystwythUK
L. Xie
Affiliation:
Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE4 5PL
K. Tailliart
Affiliation:
Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, AberystwythUK
E.S. Chambers
Affiliation:
Nutrition and Dietetic Research Group, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Imperial College London, UK
I. Garcia-Perez
Affiliation:
Nutrition and Dietetic Research Group, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Imperial College London, UK
E. Holmes
Affiliation:
Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ
G. Frost
Affiliation:
Nutrition and Dietetic Research Group, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Imperial College London, UK
J.C. Mathers
Affiliation:
Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE4 5PL
M. Beckmann
Affiliation:
Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, AberystwythUK
J. Draper
Affiliation:
Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, AberystwythUK
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Abstract

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Proceedings of the Nutrition Society , Volume 75 , Issue OCE3: Summer Meeting, 11–14 July 2016, New technology in nutrition research and practice , 2016 , E248
Copyright
Copyright © The Authors 2016 

An understanding of causal relations between diet and health is hindered by the lack of robust biological markers of food exposure (Reference Penn1). The rapid development of metabolomics technology offers opportunity for the identification of urine biomarkers for the intake of a range of foods of high public health importance (Reference Lloyd2), (Reference Beckmann3). Using high mass resolution mass spectrometry and machine learning data analysis, we have discovered potential urinary biomarkers in controlled clinical studies with a range of analytical techniques (Reference Lloyd2). To have utility for population monitoring, we aim to validate biomarker performance in free-living individuals using urine samples collected in the home with a minimal impact on normal daily activities.

Two complementary multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) routines using triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (QQQ-MS) have been developed to quantify concurrently dietary exposure biomarkers of more than 20 foods of high public health importance in the UK. MRM quantification of metabolite levels in spot urines collected either before bed time or a first morning void identified a sub-set of potential biomarkers that demonstrated robust linkage with reported dietary intake (examples in Table 1). Figure 1 demonstrates the ability of selected biomarkers to report exposure in relation to muscle meat intake from lunch time to bedtime (Beefburger; 106gm, Chicken breast; 130gm; Processed Ham; 40·5 gm) in 6 free-living individuals. Anserine was strongly, and specifically, associated with poultry intake, whilst the urinary outputs of 3-methyl histidine and carnosine reflect striated muscle intake, with levels substantially reduced when meals contain lower quality, and processed, meats with reduced levels of striated muscle content.

Fig. 1.

Table 1.

The demonstration of the utility of spot urine samples, in combination with robust quantification methods for candidate biomarkers that report multiples components of the UK diet, will allow the future validation of dietary biomarker technology in epidemiological studies.

Funded by MRC grant ref: MR/ J010308/1.

References

1Penn, et al. (2010) Genes Nutr 5:205–13.Google Scholar
2Lloyd, et al. (2011) Am J Clin Nutr 94:981–91Google Scholar
3Beckmann, M et al. (2013) Proc Nutr Soc. 72:352–61.Google Scholar
Figure 0

Fig. 1.

Figure 1

Table 1.