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Tools as “petrified memes”: A duality
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 10 August 2020
Abstract
Tools are generated by defined steps, fulfill distinct uses, and elicit affordances or mental representations. When the latter are recombined, they are perceived as “technical reasoning,” resulting in novel tools when executed. They can be exchanged, varied, and selected between individuals in a cumulative social process. Tools are materialized, “petrified” memes forming a duality within the framework of active externalism.
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Target article
The elephant in the room: What matters cognitively in cumulative technological culture
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Author response
The elephant in the China shop: When technical reasoning meets cumulative technological culture