Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-fbnjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-14T10:18:20.208Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Motivational aspects of recognizing a smile

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 December 2010

Janek S. Lobmaier
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerlandjanek.lobmaier@psy.unibe.chhttp://www.kog.psy.unibe.ch/content/ueber_uns/lobmaier/index_ger.html
Martin H. Fischer
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 4HN, Scotland, United Kingdom. m.h.fischer@dundee.ac.ukhttp://www.dundee.ac.uk/psychology/people/academics/mhfischer/

Abstract

What are the underlying processes that enable human beings to recognize a happy face? Clearly, featural and configural cues will help to identify the distinctive smile. In addition, the motivational state of the observer will influence the interpretation of emotional expressions. Therefore, a model accounting for emotion recognition is only complete if bottom-up and top-down aspects are integrated.

Type
Open Peer Commentary
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adams, R. B. Jr., Gordon, H. L., Baird, A. A., Ambady, N. & Kleck, R. E. (2003) Effects of gaze on amygdala sensitivity to anger and fear faces. Science 300(5625):1536.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barsalou, L. W. (2008) Grounded cognition. Annual Review of Psychology 59:617–45.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Erdelyi, M. H. (1974) A new look at the new look: Perceptual defense and vigilance. Psychological Review 81(1):125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fischer, M. H. & Zwaan, R. A. (2008) Embodied language – A review of the role of the motor system in language comprehension. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 61(6):825–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keysers, C. & Gazzola, V. (2006) Towards a unifying neural theory of social cognition. Progress in Brain Research 156:379401.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lobmaier, J. S. & Perrett, D. I. (in press) The world smiles at me: Self-referential positivity bias when interpreting direction of attention. Cognition and Emotion.Google Scholar
Lobmaier, J. S., Tiddeman, B. & Perrett, D. I. (2008) Emotional expression modulates perceived gaze direction. Emotion 8(4):573–77.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mathews, A., Fox, E., Yiend, J. & Calder, A. (2003) The face of fear: Effects of eye gaze and emotion on visual attention. Visual Cognition 10(7):823–35.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Niedenthal, P. M., Halberstadt, J. B., Margolin, J. & Innes-Ker, A. H. (2000) Emotional state and the detection of change in facial expression of emotion. European Journal of Social Psychology 30:211–22.3.0.CO;2-3>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Putman, P., Hermans, E. & van Honk, J. (2006) Anxiety meets fear in perception of dynamic expressive gaze. Emotion 6(1):94102.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Scherer, K. R. (2001) Appraisal processes in emotion: Theory, methods, research. Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schwarz, N. (1990) Feelings as information: Informational and motivational functions of affective states. In: Foundations of social behavior, vol. 2E, ed. Higgins, T. & Sorrentino, R., pp. 527–61. Guilford Press.Google Scholar