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2 results

  • 8 - In Comparison with English: An East-West Divide?

  • Rong Chen, California State University, San Bernardino
  • Book:
    Chinese Politeness
    Published online:
    02 November 2023
    Print publication:
    16 November 2023, pp 132-150

  • Summary

    Chen compares Chinese politeness with English politeness in this chapter, focusing on what has been called a “East-West Divide” debate. To advance the position that East and West are fundamentally different, the author argues that Chinese politeness has its own characteristics but not unique; that the speech act of request in Chinese is conducted under similar principles and are subjected to similar constraints as seen English; that persistence in benefit offering occurs in English, too; that speech acts that are assumed to carry high levels of face threat (e.g., criticizing and disagreeing) also offers evidence that there is no East-West Divide in politeness; and that – finally – even the drastic differences in the speech act of lying between English and Chinese can be shown to be motivated by similar considerations. Culture differences are often times differences on the surface: the different symptoms of similar underlying principles. With a set of principles on which cultures may converge and a set of parameters on which cultures are likely to vary, Chen believes that B&L-E meets the challenge of being a universal theory that captures the commonalities between cultures, commonalities that transcend, and therefore account for, differences.

  • Genetic differentiation of Indian camel (Camelus dromedarius) breeds using random oligonucleotide primers

  • S.C. Mehta, B.P. Mishra, M.S. Sahani
  • Journal:
    Animal Genetic Resources Information / Volume 39 / April 2006
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    01 August 2011, pp. 77-88
    Print publication:
    April 2006

  • The camel population in India is facing a severe decline which demands that immediate steps are taken to ensure its conservation. Characterisation is an integral part of the conservation program. The Polymerase Chain Reaction-Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA profile of unrelated camels of the Bikaneri (29), Jaisalmeri (30) and Kachchhi (18) breeds were analyzed. Reproducible polymorphic bands with varying frequencies among the three breeds of camel were obtained with five oligonucleotide primers. A total of 75 bands were amplified, of which 27 (36%) were polymorphic. The probability of obtaining identical fingerprints was observed to be the lowest in primer GC-10 (5.7%) followed by OP-08 (8.7%), GT-10 (11.3%), G-2 (15.5%) and G-1 (80%). Breed informative bands were amplified. The maximum genetic variability was observed in the Bikaneri (0.80±0.05) followed by the Kachchhi (0.84±0.06) and the Jaisalmeri (0.87±0.05) breeds. The inter-breed genetic distance estimates indicated a closer relationship in the Bikaneri-Kachchhi camels, (0.075), followed by the Jaisalmeri-Kachchhi (0.106) and Bikaneri-Jaisalmeri (0.132) breeds. A similar genetic relationship was observed when the degree of population subdivision was measured between the Bikaneri-Kachchhi (0.529), Jaisalmeri-Kachchhi (0.558) and Bikaneri-Jaisalmeri (0.566) breeds.