The medieval Bible was hardly a book at all, but a collection of ancient writings in translation. Usually the Bible was read in parts with commentary or in the form of semi-biblical narratives. One of the most influential commentaries was Nicholas of Lyra's Postilla litteralis on the entire Bible. Cambridge also continued to require Bible lectures, as did Paris and, given the influence of Paris' theology curriculum, probably every theology faculty in Europe's proliferating universities. Fifteenth-century theologians believed, like their predecessors, that the Bible was a coherent body of literature. The Bible's purpose, defined as its 'final cause', was human salvation, a state of perfect humanity. Perhaps the most important sign of the proliferation of biblical media was the production of vernacular translations of the Bible. The fifteenth-century church knew no total censure of Bible translation. Waldensianism was a movement begun around an interpretation of the gospel and vernacular Bible reading in the late twelfth century.