This article is based on fieldwork conducted in Montreal and Ottawa, between 2005 and 2009, with homeless persons in the criminal justice system and actors working at various levels in the criminalization and prosecution process. It analyses the strategies of control applied to homeless persons and their experiences in the judicial system in relation to criminal offences associated with their use of public spaces. The authors suggest that the issue of the visibility or invisibility of homeless persons is central to the tensions that characterize their dealings with the criminal justice system: although their visibility in public spaces contributes to their identification and profiling based on social characteristics, invisibility leads to violations of their fundamental rights and is a barrier to access to justice when they become involved with the justice system.
