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2 results

  • 26 - Massive Hemoptysis

  • from Section 5 - Respiratory Emergencies
  • Edited by Kaushal Shah, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, Jarone Lee, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
  • Edited in association with Clark G. Owyang, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, Benjamin Christian Renne, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
  • Book:
    Practical Emergency Resuscitation and Critical Care
    Published online:
    02 November 2023
    Print publication:
    23 November 2023, pp 234-241

  • Summary

    Hemoptysis is the expectoration of blood from the respiratory tract that originates from below the vocal cords. The definition of what is considered “massive hemoptysis” has evolved. Previously proposed volumes of blood ranged anywhere from 200 to 1000 mL over 24 hours. Recently there has been a shift toward considering as “massive” any hemoptysis that causes clinical consequences of respiratory failure, airway obstruction or hypotension.

  • 47 - Rhabdomyolysis

  • from Section 7 - Renal emergencies
  • Edited by Kaushal Shah, Jarone Lee, Kamal Medlej, American University of Beirut, Scott D. Weingart
  • Book:
    Practical Emergency Resuscitation and Critical Care
    Published online:
    05 November 2013
    Print publication:
    24 October 2013, pp 320-324

  • Summary

    This chapter discusses the diagnosis, evaluation and management of massive hemoptysis. Worldwide, tuberculosis (TB) is the most common cause of massive hemoptysis. In the United States, patients frequently have a history of pulmonary disease and/or smoking, cancer, prior hemoptysis, immunosuppression, cardiac disease, or coagulopathy/anticoagulant use. Patients may present with a sentinel bleed, with only a small amount of initial hemoptysis. The clinical course of these patients is difficult to predict, as small amounts of hemoptysis may suddenly become massive. Patients may present to the ED in extremis with active hemorrhage and respiratory failure. If the patient does not have active bleeding and is stable enough to go to radiology, chest CT may assist finding the etiology of hemoptysis. Bronchiectasis, lung abscess, pulmonary artery aneurysm, pulmonary embolism, and mass lesions are all abnormalities that can be identified by chest CT.