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6 results

  • Chapter 24 - Cross-Dressing

  • from Part II - Biographical Sketches
  • Frederick Toates, The Open University, Milton Keynes, Olga Coschug-Toates
  • Book:
    Understanding Sexual Serial Killing
    Published online:
    26 May 2022
    Print publication:
    02 June 2022, pp 321-338

  • Summary

    For some, part of the attraction of lust killing is the opportunity to pose wearing the clothes of their victims. For the two discussed here, this would seem to be a dominant paraphilia. Both men showed evidence suggesting a role of stress in their killing. Commander of the largest military base in Canada, Colonel Russell Williams would seem to be a most unlikely sexual serial killer, particularly since his victims were women under his command. Williams graduated to killing via breaking into homes and stealing pairs of underwear. He built an enormous collection of these, all carefully curated. It is possible that the drug Prednisone played a role in his aberrant trajectory. Dennis Rader appeared similarly to be a respectable family man. There were several early experiences that he recalled (e.g. seeing his mother trapped) which might have played a role in his development.

  • Prednisolone and prednisone neo-formation in bovine urine after sampling

  • F. Arioli, A. Casati, M. Fidani, M. Silvestri, G. Pompa
  • Journal:
    animal / Volume 6 / Issue 6 / June 2012
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    08 December 2011, pp. 1023-1029
    Print publication:
    June 2012

  • The rise in the frequency of detecting prednisolone in bovine urine from northern Italy has come into focus of attention in recent years. The possibility that neo-formation of prednisolone or that prednisone may occur in urine after collection of samples was therefore investigated. Cow urine collected for official routine controls in Lombardy containing more than 80 ng/ml cortisol, and prednisolone and prednisone below the decision limit (CCα) of the method (0.4 and 0.5 ng/ml, respectively) was used. The C1–2 dehydrogenation of naturally present cortisol and cortisone was checked by incubating urine, both contaminated and uncontaminated with faeces, at 37°C and by collecting samples at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 24 h. The influence of Helix pomatia juice was also investigated in order to determine whether deconjugation could influence the reliability of the results. All samples were analysed by HPLC-MS3 for the presence of cortisol, cortisone, prednisolone and prednisone in negative electrospray ionisation mode, utilising the consecutive reaction monitoring of product ions derived from the formate molecular adduct ([M+HCOO]–). The observed neo-formation of prednisolone shows that inappropriate temperatures in sample storage and processing can result in an incorrect accusation of non-compliance. The faecal contamination of urine, performed with the aim to mimic a collection conducted without the necessary care, moreover, evoked a high increase in prednisolone concentration in two out of seven animals. Moreover, H. pomatia juice had no significant effect on the prednisolone concentration, indicating that this corticosteroid is present in its free form in cow urine.

  • Chapter 106 - The causes of convulsive status epilepticus in adults

  • from Section 5 - Status epilepticus
  • Edited by Simon D. Shorvon, Frederick Andermann, Renzo Guerrini
  • Book:
    The Causes of Epilepsy
    Published online:
    05 March 2012
    Print publication:
    14 April 2011, pp 735-744

  • Summary

    Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the most common collagen vascular disease associated with epilepsy. Various autoantibodies have been implicated in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric SLE. Neuropsychiatric involvement is one of the most common clinical features of SLE, with a variable incidence reported between 15% and 75% in adults and between 20% and 85% in children. In SLE, the risk of disease is influenced by complex genetic and environmental contributions: for example, alleles including HLA-DRB1, IRF5, and STAT4 are established susceptibility genes. The diagnosis of SLE is generally a clinical one, supported by laboratory tests. With regard to neurologic involvement, radiologic techniques may be extremely helpful. In the first pediatric SLE (pSLE) study all five children who received either azathioprine or cyclophosphamide in addition to prednisone had a good recovery, while two out of 11 patients treated with prednisone alone died and three other patients had residual neurological defects.

  • Chapter 22 - Implantation failure:

  • Edited by Roy G. Farquharson, University of Liverpool, Mary D. Stephenson, University of Chicago
  • Book:
    Early Pregnancy
    Published online:
    05 October 2010
    Print publication:
    09 September 2010, pp 237-244

  • Summary

    Three immunotherapeutic approaches have been tested in recurrent miscarriage (RM): prednisone, active immunization with allogeneic lymphocytes from the partner or third-party donors, and intravenous immunoglobulin (IvIg). The thought that allogeneic leukocyte immunization therapy (ALT) could be beneficial in RM arose from the observation that injections of paternal lymphocytes into pregnant female mice in crosses of strains with a high fetal resorption rate could decrease the resorption rate. The placebo-controlled trial (PCTs) included in the Cochrane meta-analysis of ALT were very heterogeneous with respect to the frequency of secondary RM patients. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IvIg) is prepared by extracting the IgG fraction from plasma from normal blood donors. More PCTs in the potential main target group with primary RM should be undertaken to get better documentation for the benefit and more information about the optimal doses and methods of administration and about harm effects.

  • 64 - PARADOXICAL EMBOLISM AND STROKE

  • from PART VI: - NONINFLAMMATORY DISORDERS OF THE ARTERIAL WALL
  • Edited by Louis R. Caplan, Julien Bogousslavsky
  • Book:
    Uncommon Causes of Stroke
    Published online:
    06 January 2010
    Print publication:
    09 October 2008, pp 483-490

  • Summary

    Sweet's syndrome (SS), also referred to as acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, is characterized by a constellation of symptoms and findings: fever, neutrophilia, erythematous and tender skin lesions that typically show an upper dermal infiltrate of mature neutrophils, and prompt improvement of both symptoms and lesions after the initiation of treatment with systemic corticosteroids. Many instances are related to lympho proliferative disorders such as acute and chronic leukemia, acute and chronic lymphatic leukemia, hairy cell leukemia, polycythemia vera, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, and other diseases of the hematopoietic system. Encephalitis and meningitis were the most common neurological manifestations. An elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and peripheral leukocytosis with neutrophilia are the most consistent laboratory findings in SS. The standard therapy is administration of prednisone or prednisolone at an initial dose of 0.5-1.5 mg/kg body weight with a subsequent slow reduction over 2-4 weeks.