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2 results

  • Chapter 22 - “A Little Bit Pregnant”: Counseling for Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

  • from V - Special Topics in Fertility Counseling
  • Edited by Sharon N. Covington
  • Book:
    Fertility Counseling: Clinical Guide
    Published online:
    24 November 2022
    Print publication:
    08 December 2022, pp 225-233

  • Summary

    In this chapter, common psychological experiences or consequences of recurrent pregnancy loss are discussed for affected women and their partners, with a focus on the experience of pregnancy after or during the course of recurrent loss. In this chapter, recurrent pregnancy loss is understood as a series of ongoing traumatic events and losses. Common experiences during pregnancies after loss, such as emotional cushioning and pregnancy-related anxiety, are conceptualized as understandable reactions to trauma and loss. Consequently, guidelines for helping patients to process trauma and loss and to mitigate associated symptoms of emotional cushioning and pregnancy-related anxiety are discussed, with a focus on the therapeutic relationship as an agent of change in individual and couples counseling.

  • Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Version of the Pregnancy Related Anxiety Questionnaire (PRAQ)

  • M. Belén Vázquez, Beatriz Pereira, M. Carmen Míguez
  • Journal:
    The Spanish Journal of Psychology / Volume 21 / 2018
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    03 December 2018, E64

  • Although pregnancy increases the vulnerability to anxiety, no specific assessment instruments are usually used to detect it. The objective of this study was to adapt the Pregnancy Related Anxiety Questionnaire (PRAQ) to Spanish population, as well as analyze its validity and reliability. A sample of 367 nulliparous pregnant women with a normal risk status filled in a socio-demographic and obstetric-gynaecological questionnaire, the PRAQ, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). After performing a factorial analysis, a five-factor model that explains 53.1% of the variance was obtained. Estimates of internal consistency reliability were adequate (range = .78 to .93) for the five factors included in the final confirmatory factor analysis, and for the total scale (.97). Significant correlation among PRAQ, EPDS, and STAI was found (p < .001). The 85th percentile (score 234 or more) was used as a cut-off point to identify those women with high pregnancy-specific anxiety. In accordance with the results obtained, the PRAQ can be considered a useful screening tool to evaluate pregnancy-related anxiety among the Spanish population.